Team process feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Team process feedback - Essay Example Having received our results, it was unanimously agreed that we would have posted a better performance had we keenly followed the rubric. We should have elaborated more on what was cast on the presentation slides. Furthermore, had we met physically as a whole group, it would have boosted our cohesion and thus the overall performance. Despite the busy schedules that each of us run on, we scored grade B+. Even though we were aiming higher than that, this was still commendable. Our group has remained steadfast with no major challenges. Tasks assigned to each member are executed as planned and in a timely manner with emails and texts providing an effective and timely means of communication. The group has further portrayed willingness to work and high levels of professionalism. Nonetheless, failure to practice before presentations could have cost us the lower than expected performance. I suppose that practicing prior to class presentation would have improved our performance. Weekly meetings would be useful to us as they would provide an opportunity to evaluate the assignments for the following class, assign each member a task and discuss our progress. This could be a brief meeting that would just seek to ensure that everyone is aware of how and what to do before breaking up for everyone to concentrate on their tasks. This could have made us not to forget to introduce the team members during the presentation which is one thing that I believe negatively affect ed our performance. Had we focused on the rubric, then such mistakes would not have occurred. We now appreciate that the rubric is a critical guide for professors in grading performance and therefore the need to follow it to the latter. Whereas group projects usually have numerous challenges, this group has proved the opposite right as we have not had issues with members not doing what they are assigned to

Evolution of Polo Ralph Lauren Essay Example for Free

Evolution of Polo Ralph Lauren Essay Polo Ralph Lauren has become one of the most renounced clothing companies of the 20th and 21st century. The creator of Polo is a man named Ralph Lifschitz who was born on October 14, 1939 in New York, New York (Ralph Lauren). He was born to Fraydl Kotlar and Frank Lifshitz who were Ashkenazi Jewish from Belarus. In 1955, when Ralph was 16, he and his brother changed their last name to Lauren because they were made fun constantly for having a Jewish last name but his brother Lenny kept the last name (Ralph Lauren). At the age of 18 Ralph worked for various fashion stores such as: Bloomingdale’s, Brooks Brothers, and the Rivetz of Boston neckwear company as a salesman for all of the stores (Vogue). While he worked at all these jobs Ralph studied at the City College of New York for business. Three years later in 1960, Lauren was drafted in to the military and he joined the U.S. Army Reserves and he started basic training at Fort Dix (Vogue). Lauren once said â€Å"When I was growing up, officers in uniform were very impressive to me†¦ When you wear an old military jacket there’s some sort of connection to those qualities, the way the uniforms were made really inspired me for some of my designs that I made later on.† (Vogue). Four year later, in 1964 Ralph marries Ricky Low-Beer. Since Ralph had been around clothes so much-to be more correct neckties- he created his first line of neckties in 1967 but instead of using his name Ralph Lauren, he uses the alias Polo (Vogue). In 1968 Polo menswear launched and it featured English-cut suits, pleated pants, and Fair Isle sweaters (Vogue). Ralph told Vogue â€Å"none of the magazines even wrote about my new line, or came to my show†. The president of Bloomingdale-Marvin Traub-took notice of his new line and gave Ralph his own in-store boutique at the age of 29, it opened in 1969. The boutique was very successful and helped position Bloomingdale and Ralph as the new faces of menswear. In 1970 when Lauren was 30 he received an Coty Award for menswear after designing an unlined, â€Å"unconstructed† suit which is basically what most of the suits today look like. In 1971 Ralph puts the man playing polo on the cuff of the shirt instead of on the chest of the shirt like it is now (Vogue). There were some trademark issues which made it to where Ralph couldn’t just put Polo on his clothing. Since Ralph couldn’t do that he called it â€Å"Ralph Lauren† but later he will get the Polo trademark and call his brand Polo Ralph Lauren. By the end of the 1970’s Polo Ralph Lauren will have expanded from the little boutique in Bloomingdale’s to Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills, Houston, Dallas, Detroit, Chicago, Atlanta, and Palm Beach and Fort Lauderdale, Florida and this was the first sign to Ralph that his clothing company was going to be a big. When the collared shirts with the polo-player logo was introduced in 1972 it was released in 24 different colors. If you had a polo shirt at this time, it showed your class in the preppy world. Ralph Lauren was once asked â€Å"how can a Jewish kid from the Bronx do preppy clothes?† and he replied with this â€Å"Does it have to do with class and money? It has to do with dreams. (Ralph Lauren). Women found his clothes fashionable because it gave them something different to wear than the traditional gypsy and hippie styles of clothing, after figuring out that women liked his clothing he started a womenswear line in 1972 and it was a huge success. Four year later, in 1976 at the age of thirty-seven Ralph Lauren wins another Coty award for womenswear and this makes him the first designer to win in both categories of menswear and womenswear. He also wins a Coty Hall of Fame award, and in celebration of the award The New York Times did an article on him and pictured him with model Patti Hansen in a Tux laughing with Lauren in a Tuxedo Jacket and jeans, both holding cigarettes, the title of the article was â€Å"I’m having a Black Tie Affair with Ralph Lauren.† (Vogue). This gave the brand of Ralph Lauren a huge push around the world because he had a supermodel pose with him in this article and the fact that he was in Time magazine which people all over the world read also put his name out there in the world. In the 1980’s and 1990’s is when Ralph Lauren gained most of his wealth of, 6.5 billion dollars (Ralph Lauren). In the 1980’s Ralph Lauren expanded his business to include children wear, eyewear, underwear, jeans, shoes, accessories, housewares, furs, luggage, and a plethora of other products (Ralph Lauren: American Classic). Even though most of the companies that expanded too fast like this suffered brand image dilution, Polo was actually made stronger because of many reasons. Mainly because Ralph designed everything himself and if he didn’t directly design the item he still had the last say on how the item looked and what material was put inside it. Another reason Polo stayed in high fashion is because retail never lowered and it was always a higher price. Ralph once said â€Å"I won’t lower my price for anyone. If you can’t buy my clothing than don’t buy it.† (Ralph Lauren: American Classic). In the 2000’s Ralph Lauren made a multimedia marketing joint venture with NBC and allies, and ValueVision, operator of Home Shopping Network. Polo Ralph Lauren became one of the first companies only to use advertisement through electronics, Polo.com was created in 2000 and this was one of the first fashion websites in history (Ralph Lauren: American Classic). In 2001 Polo made their first online magazine telling people all things celebrity, sport, art and culture about polo, th at same year Polo created Runway.Polo.com. this was made to provide fashion fans with a look behind the scenes in collection-development and fashion shows, while offering style and beauty tips (Ralph Lauren: American Classic). Through the 46 years Polo Ralph Lauren has had hundreds of fashion shows but never overseas until now. He’s chosen to do his first fashion show overseas at one of the most historic art schools in the world called École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, France on October 8, 2013 (Ralph Lauren’s first..). Ralph Lifschitz was just a boy from a working class Orthodox Jewish family in the Bronx who started out selling neckties in many of the high fashion stores in New York. He came from the bottom just selling and making neckties in a small boutique in Bloomingdale to creating and breaking down barriers in the fashion industry. Ralph now has hundreds of stores across the world which has made him a billionaire. Polo Ralph Lauren was made to celebrate the pr eppy, sporty, wealthy, and traveled, while keeping a modern look. Polo has been around for 46 years and has never lost its value which is very rare for any company to do. Works Cited â€Å"Ralph Lauren. Biography† Bio. True Story. 2013. Web. 13 Oct. 2013 â€Å"Ralph Lauren.† The World of Fashion in Voguepedia .2012. Web. 14 Oct. 2013 â€Å"Ralph Lauren: American Classic.† Eurbanista Brand Strategy, Sustainability and the Digital Revolution in Fashion, Luxury and Media. 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2013 â€Å"Ralph Lauren’s first international runway show honors Paris school restoration.† Luxury Daily. 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013

my last duchess Essay -- essays research papers

Poets often use literary techniques to clearly convey the personalities of their speakers. In â€Å"My Last Duchess†, Robert Browning uses point of view, diction, and imagery to achieve a powerful effect, underlining the attitude and personality of the Duke.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In a dramatic monologue, character development is based on what the speaker says, and how he says it. In â€Å"My Last Duchess†, the speaker of the monologue addresses a fictional audience, and the reader is seen as an unnoticed third party. It is because of this viewpoint that the reader is able to analyze the words and actions of the Duke, gaining insight into his life and personality that he is not aware of giving. While the poet uses his words to convey his intended meaning, it is up to the reader to draw his own conclusion, through the witnessed events and conversation. His arrogant and possessive nature must be inferred of the Duke’s character from the way he speaks, just as the details of the setting and situation must be inferred from his own words. Although the reader is not directly spoken to in the poem, evaluation of the Duke’s showy attitude can be inferred through his concern with the artwork and his nonchalant description of his wife, which is noticed by the uninvolved reader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Duke wants to present himself as a powerful and sophisticated man, and he does so in the beginning. However, as he ...

Bowens Family Systems :: Psychology

The purpose of this paper is to explain using Bowen's family systems framework, how an individual's level of differentiation and anxiety influence family relationships and strengths. Bowen's family systems theory addresses how patterns of interaction in the family of origin influence a couple's interaction in the next generation with their children. Bowen describes the differences in family functioning, by the degree of anxiety or the degree of differentiation within the family. Bowen's definition of differentiation of self as a persons ability to differentiate intellectual functioning ( thinking ), from feelings. The level of differentiation of self is determined in the family of origin. When an individual has an increased level of differentiation, he has a clear sense of his own identity. A person's intellectual functioning helps behavior to be rational, less impulsive, more independent and autonomous. These individuals have good problem solving techniques, and are less influenced by others. As differentiation of self increases, levels of anxiety decrease. As anxiety goes up, differentiation goes down. A child's differentiation of self develops around an emotional system. With a high level of anxiety, functioning is impulsive, rather than rational. Individuals with a low level of differentiation, develop dependent and emotionally fused relationships. These individuals are more dependent on others. Their sense of self is clouded, and they don't develop a clear identity. Their feelings and thoughts are fused, and they express a pseudoself rather than their true opinions. Families whose members have increased levels of differentiation and decreased levels of anxiety, they will be rational and cognitive in their ways of relating to other family members, and more effective with problem solving skills. They will try to clearly communicate their views or beliefs. They will have healthier relationships. An individual with an increased level of differentiated self , will allow their child to be their own person, and express himself openly. This leads to a well adjusted independent adolescent, with flexible problem solving skills, and an increased level of goal orientation. Families with decreased levels of differentiation and increased anxiety with in the

Imaginary Life-Themes

Malouf's novel is one of deep philosophical themes. The first major theme in an imaginary life is humans' relationship with the natural world. This theme is a central aspect of the novel as it shows the reader how Ovid and the Child's relationship with nature changes their outlooks on life. The closer Ovid becomes with nature the closer he is to achieving inner peace. The same inner peace achieved at the end of the novel when Ovid surrenders himself and becomes one with the world. This is seen through the fact that Ovid becomes immeasurably happy at being the past, present and the future â€Å"It is summer. It is spring. I am immeasurably, unbearably happy. I am three years old. I am sixty. I am six.† This theme is also seen in how inseparable the child is from the natural world and in fact also â€Å"is the natural world†. This is shown in the section of the novel when Ovid is teaching the child how to speak his language. During this time the child also attempts to teach Ovid his language. Ovid finds this as difficult as the child finds learning Ovid's language. Ovid believes that by him â€Å"knowing that it is the sky, that the stars have names and a history† prevents him â€Å"being the sky†. This is due to the fact that Ovid's relationship with the natural world is not yet strong like the child's is. We are shown how crucial the child's relationship with the natural world is through the fact that the child becomes vulnerable and fragile when taken into the settlement in Tomis â€Å"Whatever his secret was I have taken it from him. He is as vulnerable now as anyone of us†¦. He shows himself human at last†. Despite having no dialogue throughout the novel, the function of language is still a central theme of the novel. The relationship between language and perception is highlighted through Ovid's personal descriptions as he believes one cannot view concepts in the same way with different language knowledge. He uses the example of colours to show this on page 25: â€Å"Scarlet. Magic word on the tongue to flash again on the eye. Scarlet†. This describes Ovid's amazement at the feeling evoked from the words. This is also portrayed through Ovid's different perspectives that he describes between the connotations allocated with the abilities of the different languages that he learns. His silent language with the child shows how language can enable one to relate more closely to others and learn from them. Another theme in this novel that helps to describe who the child is is the ‘destiny of the individual.' Throughout the novel Malouf emphasizes that one always has an idea of their destiny. This is illustrated by Ovid's realization that his destiny is lost with the child. Several times Ovid's dreams do in fact unravel themselves in the real world. An example is how he dreams of catching the boy and then later persuades Ryzak the chief to capture him. Another instance where this theory takes effect is in Ovid's dream of going travelling past all â€Å"boundaries† of this world. He later achieves this feet when he is taken across the river Ister by the child. On page 151 Ovid describes the river Ister as his destiny awaiting: â€Å"It remained, shifting its tides, freezing each season, cracking up, flowing again, whispering to me: I am the border beyond which you must go if you are to find your true life, your true death at last.†

Definition Essay on Racism

Definition Essay on Racism Definition Essay on Racism When writing an essay on racism, you will be expected to share your special understanding about the issue of racism in more than just a sentence. With this type of essay, you should not rely on common definitions from dictionaries or encyclopedias, but you should base your essay on a deeper level of understanding. Tolerance is of foremost importance when you one sets to composing an essay concerning racism or similar topics. Select the words and expressions very carefully not to insult someones feelings or beliefs, as – you know – sometimes the words may hurt really in a severe way. The first thing you should do is select the topic of your paper. Make sure you select an abstract word or phrase with a complex meaning so that you will have the opportunity to tackle it from many perspectives. It will also be easier for you to create the content to complete this type of essay paper. If you select an easy topic, chances are you will be done with the essay definition in a sentence of two, and the other sentences will be what you intentionally include for the purpose of completing the content. However, if the word or phrase you define is straight-forward and simple, it may be challenging to make the essay paper interesting, but if the topic is a disputable one such as racism, then you will have many opportunities to play around with the words and end up with an interesting essay paper. Racism is something that means different things to different people and this gives you the chance to explore several meanings of the word. Then, you could even state which definition you think is best out of the many available. Just be sure that, with a definition, you analyze words to come up with a unique definition. If the definition you end up writing in your essay paper is one the reader is likely to have, then the reader is likely to perceive the essay as one that lacks depth. This is something you never want your reader to perceive about your writing. Even as you search for a complex word or phrase to define, you should always choose something very familiar. Racism is a great word to base your definition essay on, because it is a word that has been defined many times by different texts. This allows you the opportunity to read the many available definitions and come up with your own definition in reference to what you have read. This topic has already been defined and explored by many writers, so you will have the opportunity to define it in a unique and stand out from the others. At writing service you can buy a custom definition essay on any related topic. Your essay will be written by one of professional writers hired by our company.

Greenland Shark Facts (Somniosus microcephalus)

Greenland Shark Facts (Somniosus microcephalus) The cold waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean are home to the worlds longest-lived vertebrate: the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus). The large shark goes by several other names, including gurry shark, grey shark, and eqalussuaq, its Kalaallisut name. The Greenland shark is best known for its impressive 300 to 500 year life span, as well as its use for its use in the Icelandic national dish: kà ¦stur hkarl. Fast Facts: Greenland Shark Scientific Name: Somniosus microcephalusOther Names: Gurry shark, grey shark, eqalussuaqDistinguishing Features: Large gray or brown shark with small eyes, rounded snout, and small dorsal and pectoral finsAverage Size: 6.4 m (21 ft)Diet: CarnivorousLifespan: 300 to 500 yearsHabitat: North Atlantic and Arctic OceanConservation Status: Near ThreatenedKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: ChondrichthyesOrder: SqualiformesFamily: SomniosidaeFun Fact: Chef Anthony Bourdain said kà ¦stur hkarl was the single worst, most disgusting and terrible tasting thing he ever ate. Description Greenland sharks are large fish, comparable in size to great whites and in appearance to sleeper sharks. On average, adult Greenland sharks are 6.4 m (21 ft) long and weigh 1000 kg (2200 lb), but some specimens reach 7.3 m (24 ft) and 1400 kg (3100 lb). The fish are gray to brown in color, sometimes with dark streaks or white spots. Males are smaller than females. The shark has a thick body, with a short, round snout, small gill openings and fins, and small eyes. Its upper teeth are thin and pointed, while its lower teeth are broad with cusps. The shark rolls its jaw to cut away pieces of its prey. Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus). NOAA Okeanos Explorer Program Distribution and Habitat The Greenland shark is usually found in the North Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean between sea level and a depth of 1200 m (3900 ft). However, the fish migrate to deeper water further south during the summer. One specimen was observed off the coast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina at 2200 m (7200 ft), while another was documented at 1749 m (5738 ft) in the Gulf of Mexico. Greenland shark distribution. Chris_huh Diet The Greenland shark is an apex predator that feeds mainly on fish. However, it has never actually been observed hunting. Reports of scavenging are common. The shark supplements its diet with reindeer, moose, horse, polar bears, and seals. Adaptations While the shark feeds on seals, researchers are unclear how it hunts them. Because it lives in frigid water, a Greenland shark has an extremely low metabolic rate. In fact, its metabolic rate is so low that the species has the lowest swimming speed for its size of any fish, so it cannot swim fast enough to catch seals. Scientists hypothesize sharks may catch seals while they are sleeping. The low metabolic rate also leads to the animals slow growth rate and incredible longevity. Because sharks have cartilaginous skeletons rather than bones, dating their age requires a special technique. In a 2016 study, scientists performed radiocarbon dating on the crystals in the lenses of eyes of sharks caught as bycatch. The oldest animal in that study was estimated to be 392 years of age, plus or minus 120 years. From this data, it appears Greenland sharks live at least 300 to 500 years, making them the worlds longest-lived vertebrate. The biochemistry of the Greenland shark is adapted to allow the fish to survive extremely cold temperatures and high pressures. The sharks blood contains three types of hemoglobin, allowing the fish to obtain oxygen over a range of pressures. The shark is said to smell like urine, due to the high levels of urea and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in their tissue. These nitrogenous compounds are waste products, but the shark uses them to increase buoyancy and maintain homeostasis. Most Greenland sharks are blind, but not because their eyes are small. Rather, the eyes are colonized by copepods, occluding the fishs vision. Its possible the shark and copepods may have a mutualistic relationship, with the crustaceans displaying bioluminescence that attracts prey for the shark to eat. Reproduction Very little is known about Greenland shark reproduction. The female is ovoviviparous, giving birth to about 10 pups per litter. The newborn pups measure 38 to 42 cm (15 to 17 in) in length. Based on the animals slow growth rate, scientists estimate it takes about 150 years for a shark to reach sexual maturity. Greenland Sharks and Humans The high concentration of TMAO in Greenland shark flesh makes its meat toxic. The TMAO is metabolized into trimethylamine, causing potentially dangerous intoxication. However, the sharks meat is considered a delicacy in Iceland. The meat is detoxified by drying, repeated boiling, or fermenting. Hkarl hanging to dry in Iceland. Chris 73 Although a Greenland shark could easily kill and eat a human, there are no verified cases of predation. Presumably, this is because the shark lives in extremely cold water, so the chance of interaction with humans is very low. Conservation Status The Greenland shark is listed as near threatened on the IUCN Red List. Its population trend and the number of surviving adults is unknown. Presently, the species is caught as bycatch and intentionally for Arctic specialty food. In the past, Greenland sharks were heavily fished for their liver oil and were killed because fisheries thought they posed a threat to other fish. Because the animals grow and reproduce so slowly, they have not had time to recover. The shark is also threatened by overfishing and climate change. Sources Anthoni, Uffe; Christophersen, Carsten; Gram, Lone; Nielsen, Niels H.; Nielsen, Per (1991). Poisonings from flesh of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus may be due to trimethylamine. Toxicon. 29 (10): 1205–12. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(91)90193-UDurst, Sidra (2012). Hkarl. In Deutsch, Jonathan; Murakhver, Natalya. They Eat That? A Cultural Encyclopedia of Weird and Exotic Food from around the World. pp. 91–2. ISBN 978-0-313-38059-4.Kyne, P.M.; Sherrill-Mix, S.A. Burgess, G.H. (2006). Somniosus microcephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2006: e.T60213A12321694. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60213A12321694.enMacNeil, M. A.; McMeans, B. C.; Hussey, N. E.; Vecsei, P.; Svavarsson, J.; Kovacs, K. M.; Lydersen, C.; Treble, M. A.; et al. (2012). Biology of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus. Journal of Fish Biology. 80 (5): 991–1018. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03257.xWatanabe, Yuuki Y.; Lydersen, Christian; Fisk, Aaron T.; Kovacs, Kit M. (2012). The slowest fish: Swim speed and tail-beat frequency of Greenland sharks. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 426–427: 5–11. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2012.04.021

The Root Word Solve and Its Offshoots

The Root Word Solve and Its Offshoots The Root Word Solve and Its Offshoots The Root Word Solve and Its Offshoots By Mark Nichol A small family of words with the root word solve refer in some way to changing the physical or figurative state of something- naturally, since the Latin root of solve, solvere, means â€Å"dissolve, loosen, or solve.† Solve itself means â€Å"find an answer, explanation, or solution for.† One who solves is a solver (rarely used in isolation but part of the common phrase â€Å"problem solver†); something solved is a solution, and solution is also defined as a liquid in which something has been dissolved. To dissolve, in turn, is to cause something to pass into a solution (the liquid type), though it also means â€Å"destroy, disintegrate, or terminate† or â€Å"make legally void.† The noun for such an action is dissolution (not to be confused with disillusion, a synonym for disenchant as a verb and the noun disenchantment). Dissolve has also acquired a sense as a noun, used in cinematography to describe a transition achieved by gradual imposition of one image onto another, and it serves as a verb in that context as well. A solvent, meanwhile, is a liquid used to dissolve another substance, or anything that solves a problem or eliminates or diminishes an obstacle. Solvent can also be an adjective meaning â€Å"able to dissolve† or â€Å"able to pay debts.† The adjective soluble, by contrast, has the former sense but not the latter, though it also means â€Å"able to be explained or solved.† (The antonyms are insolvent and insoluble.) Absolve means â€Å"forgive† or â€Å"free from blame or responsibility†; an act taken to absolve someone is an absolution. (One is said to give or grant absolution.) Interestingly, the adjective absolute, meaning â€Å"complete† or â€Å"unlimited,† is related; it derives from the Latin term absolutus, meaning â€Å"absolve† or â€Å"set free.† Resolve, too, is related: To resolve is to find an answer or solution, or to make a serious decision or take a formal vote to do something. The noun form is resolution, though one can also use resolve as a noun, employing it as a synonym for determination, and the adjectival form is resolute. (The antonyms for the adjectives resolved and resolute are unresolved and irresolute, and a lack of resolution is irresolution.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†15 Great Word GamesHow to Send Tactful Emails from a Technical Support Desk

Managing Public Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Public Services - Essay Example Performance-based budgeting is used by countries that wish to minimise the complexities and costs. Countries with limited resources and capacities such as low income countries also use the approach. The structure of the paper begins with the introduction, followed by definition and lastly the scope. After the definition of the terms, the paper focuses on one practical example of a situation that performance budgeting presents. Afterwards, the difficulties of budgeting will be discussed. The last part of the paper analyses the concepts obtained from the design, and whether they can be advanced: and if yes, what are the basics for that. Definition and scope Performance-based budgeting is the process of developing budgets based on programme funding levels. It looks into the anticipated results from the programme with a sole aim of minimizing the costs while administering effective budgeting outlines (Caiden, 1994). In terms of decisions, the budget centres on output of resources more th an the inputs. Over the years, development of different models of performance based budgeting using different mechanisms have led to better fund linking and utilization (Caiden, 1994). These models are of two types, the very sophisticated ones and those that use the basics only to advance their functions (Drucker, 1974). One may confuse the definition by thinking that performance budget depends broadly on performance. ... It reflects on both the given levels of funding and the expected results (Berry & Flowers, 1999). One result obtained from a true performance based budget is an indication of how the dollars budgeted turns into results. The result should be evidence based, reflecting general chain of events and results and not scientific assumptions (Grizzle & Pettijohn, 2002). Under this, the most effective governmental performance based budgets outlays how money is spent on the day to day activities. The link between funding of the projects and how they are going to yield towards expected results has to be emphasized. The effects that the results will pose on the intended purpose have to be highlighted (Grizzle & Pettijohn, 2002). In order to distinguish a line item budget from a program-based budget, the best way is to consider the fundamentals (Easterling, 1999). The line budget shows items in usage, for example, how each dollar is spent. On the other hand, the performance budget reflects what ea ch dollar budgeted will accomplish by a way of evidence in achieved results, for example, reduction in accidents, an improvement in health facilities, and an increase in customer satisfaction (Romzek & Dubnick, 1987). The other objective achieved via a performance-based budget is a reflection of activity performed, for example, process a grant application, inspect a worksite, and review a compliance activity (Wildavsky, 1992). This budgeting was introduced to many systems because of the value of accountability and transparency it holds. Many countries, organizations, and companies are using it in different sectors as a part of the new reforms that the world is experiencing. Most governments are aiming for management for results in

What is happiness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

What is happiness - Essay Example In the summer, when I sit in the grass and feel the sun warm your skin, testing the water temperature with my feet. In the autumn, I can see the red maple leaves falling from the trees. In the winter, I feel the crispness of the air on your face and hearing the crunch of snow under your feet. All of the sense makes me feel happy. Happiness, for me, also includes travel experiences. I saw some beautiful scenery I had not seen before, I could taste different foods, and I tried some new things. Last summer, I traveled to Nepal and tried paragliding. When I was gliding in the sky, I felt free like a bird and flew the clouds clear my mind. I felt happiness in that moment. Imagine how it feels when you have a chance to fly in the sky. Do you think you will have the same sense of freedom as me? Some people think happiness means keeping up with the Joneses. However, for me, I do think happiness is measured by wealth. Many people in the world have excessive wealth. They use the money to buy a number of cars and build mansion to show their status in the society. Even though they have everything they desire, they still want to be happy. For example, Guangxu was one of the emperors in Qing dynasty. He had status, money, women but he still felt miserable due to the failure to control his life. He could do everything his grandmother wanted him do. On the other hand, a famous Chinese man who lived during Second World War gave up the rich life and the chance to be a doctor to become a poor writer. Although he lived a poor life, he never regrets. Instead, he was happy as his work could bring great change to the society. Chinese people’s minds about propaganda, he helped to bring about the revolution of China. This is the reason I believe that happiness is having enough to sur vive comfortably. Friends play an important role in our life. We cannot be happy without friends. Studying alone

Operations Management in Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Operations Management in Practice - Essay Example Psycho sports did not have any automated system to record the number of purchases being made and when they are used and how much stock is maintained in the inventory. As sales were increases and the buyers now included large retail stores, it was becoming increasingly important for psycho sports to keep track of the production in order to meet the demands in a timely fashion. Peter found it difficult to get all the information as the structure was entirely disintegrated and manual. There was no system that recorded the information and there was no single worker that managed the entire inventory levels and kept the information in an integrated form. There was no central database or system that held and updated all the information regarding the inventory levels of different parts. The data was all decentralized and with different workers responsible for different parts who were more often than not, unaware of the inventory levels. Furthermore, the purchasing was also manual, hence, the re was no record of the number of item that were purchased and used. Exercise 1 (a) Draw a single level bill of material for each level of assembly; Face assembly Item no. Quantity 6511 Rubber Face 2 2547 Wooden Inner 1 8561 Foam Panel 2 Handle Assembly Item no. Quantity 1821 Handle 1 9110 Nail 2 (b) Complete indented bills of material Item no. Quantity Quantity 0499 1821 9110 Handle Assembly Handle Nail 1 1 2 7754 Shaft 1 0955 Connector 1 9110 Nail 4 8744 Rivet 4 0772 6551 2547 8561 Face Assembly Rubber Face Wooden Inner Foam Panel 1 2 1 2 Exercise 2 Create the materials requirements planning record for each part and sub-assembly of the bat Bat Lead Time: 2 weeks 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Gross Requirement Planned Receipts On hand Planned Orders

Snakes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Snakes - Research Paper Example In the Bible, snakes are held in high regard and widely respected. They cling to people, and they are God’s right hand when it comes to judgment. They are considered crafty, smart, strong, and stealthy. God often uses snakes as the product of a miracle; to prove that God really does exist. Snakes are capable of mesmerizing and hypnotizing people, they are also considered a health resource in many countries, sucking venom out of injured people and bringing them to life. But they can also be very dangerous. According to expert Ken Burton, he says that some cultures revere snakes and even ignore them. There are many different types of snakes. Each types of snake have different qualities that make them unique and able to withstand and survive in their environment. The ability to survive without legs in this bustling world would be hard for anyone†¦but not for snakes! There are snakes that can climb trees, burrow deep into the earth, and live in the water. But which snakes liv e where and why? The Colubridae family of snakes makes up two thirds of all the snakes in the entire world. You can find snakes everywhere except for Ireland, New Zealand and some smaller islands. And out of the many types of snakes, less than 600 types are venomous. Many snakes are considered to be useful and though Eve lost her battle with a serpent in the Garden of Eden, snakes seem to have a false reputation which keeps humans away from them. The Garter snake, rat snake, black snake and king snake are all types of snakes that are in the non-venomous category. The Boidae snakes are snakes that are famous for their size and length. The Boa and the Python fall under this type of snake due to their length and size. They have a unique ability when capturing their prey. The Elapidae is a venomous type of snake. There are over 250 species of this kind. The Xenopeltidae snake or better known as Sunbeam snakes lives in southeastern Asia. What is the habitat like for each snake group? Eac h snake, depending on its type, have a habitat that is either the same or unique to each other. The Colubridae snake lives both on earth and in the water. They are found in every state in the United States and also in the Canadian province and territories. People living in South America will also encounter these snakes on a daily basis. The Boidae snake is found mostly in Mexico and parts of South America. These snakes are large and live near water sources so they may catch their prey quickly and effortlessly. The Elapidae snakes live in different kinds of habitats. You may find some in the water and others in trees. They are prominently seen in Africa and the Near East. This type of snake comes with several different names. They are Australian Copperheads, Common Cobra, Coral Snake, Death Adder, Egyptian Cobra, Green Namba, King Cobra, Krait, Taipan and Tiger Snake. The Xenopeltidae (Sunbeam Snakes) live underground, in leaves, or under trash. They live in humid forests, rice paddi es, farm fields, parks and gardens next to the woods. They can be found in Southern China, Southeast Asia, west of Thailand, and South through Indonesia. At some point in time, all of these snakes will mate and the breading strategies are all very similar if not the same. Every creature must recreate themselves in order to survive. When procreating, they need to keep in mind what it takes to attract the perfect mate in order to continue its legacy. This is where the importance of mating takes place. The

Social and cultural diversity in united arab emirates Research Paper

Social and cultural diversity in united arab emirates - Research Paper Example These factors affect relations that people have and what they do in various important situations and one of the most notable influences that they have is the influence on the media. Some of the factors that affect communication in UAE include; religion, sex and dress code for different people in the environment. These factors are not a reserve for anyone but they affect all people, whether they are locals or foreigners who stay in the UAE (King, 2008). Religion is one of the factors that affect the way people of the UAE differ or identify themselves from other places of the world, who do not come from the country. For example, in Dubai, there are numerous mosques where people convene for prayers and they are uniquely identifiable from different points. This has influenced the culture of the people who stay in that place at any time of the year regardless of the different backgrounds they could have in terms of religion in that they have to respond to different calls for prayer in cer tain ways. For example, the religious culture of the people of the UAE does not allow any person to eat in public daylight in the month of Ramadhan regardless of the differences in the religious beliefs (Terterov & Shoult, 2006). On the other hand, people in the UAE have particular dress codes, which is unique in different contexts and all the people ought to conform to requirements in such contexts. For example, while people can be on swimwear while they are around the beach, in conservative areas in Dubai, they should wear modestly in conformity to the requirements of the culture. People should not wear shorts and T-shirts when they enter the mosques for any activity, although they are not restricted to wear them when they are in town (Terterov & Shoult, 2006). Differences in sexes are identifiable when it comes to the people in the UAE because they should show different behavior in their various activities in the course of life. In UAE, women should cover their heads when they go to the mosque but men can go without covering their heads and do any activities in there. The roles vary in terms sexes in UAE with men acceptably allowed to conduct services in the mosque but women should not (Terterov & Shoult, 2006). In the UAE, there factors of that serve as the identity for the people and that are important aspects of media because they have a great influence in the lives of people. This is because what the culture allows publication is what the media of communication should transmit to the people according to cultural sanctions of the UAE. The issues, which are not favorable to the dominant Muslim culture in UAE, are not likely to go on air because it has a strict disciplinary action for the people who deviate. This means that the media in UAE is under the obligation to fulfill the cultural expectations as set out in the traditions of the place in which they are working. Media in UAE has to formulate policies in their services delivery that represent the cult ure of people in the country so that they will not deviate from the right purposes (Ward, 2013). Media is influenced by differences in the people who stay in the area because they have limitations in terms of the different things that they can display in the videos or papers. In the representation of videos and other forms of information, the coverage of things that pose social conflicts is regulated majorly by the popularity of the

Snakes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Snakes - Research Paper Example In the Bible, snakes are held in high regard and widely respected. They cling to people, and they are God’s right hand when it comes to judgment. They are considered crafty, smart, strong, and stealthy. God often uses snakes as the product of a miracle; to prove that God really does exist. Snakes are capable of mesmerizing and hypnotizing people, they are also considered a health resource in many countries, sucking venom out of injured people and bringing them to life. But they can also be very dangerous. According to expert Ken Burton, he says that some cultures revere snakes and even ignore them. There are many different types of snakes. Each types of snake have different qualities that make them unique and able to withstand and survive in their environment. The ability to survive without legs in this bustling world would be hard for anyone†¦but not for snakes! There are snakes that can climb trees, burrow deep into the earth, and live in the water. But which snakes liv e where and why? The Colubridae family of snakes makes up two thirds of all the snakes in the entire world. You can find snakes everywhere except for Ireland, New Zealand and some smaller islands. And out of the many types of snakes, less than 600 types are venomous. Many snakes are considered to be useful and though Eve lost her battle with a serpent in the Garden of Eden, snakes seem to have a false reputation which keeps humans away from them. The Garter snake, rat snake, black snake and king snake are all types of snakes that are in the non-venomous category. The Boidae snakes are snakes that are famous for their size and length. The Boa and the Python fall under this type of snake due to their length and size. They have a unique ability when capturing their prey. The Elapidae is a venomous type of snake. There are over 250 species of this kind. The Xenopeltidae snake or better known as Sunbeam snakes lives in southeastern Asia. What is the habitat like for each snake group? Eac h snake, depending on its type, have a habitat that is either the same or unique to each other. The Colubridae snake lives both on earth and in the water. They are found in every state in the United States and also in the Canadian province and territories. People living in South America will also encounter these snakes on a daily basis. The Boidae snake is found mostly in Mexico and parts of South America. These snakes are large and live near water sources so they may catch their prey quickly and effortlessly. The Elapidae snakes live in different kinds of habitats. You may find some in the water and others in trees. They are prominently seen in Africa and the Near East. This type of snake comes with several different names. They are Australian Copperheads, Common Cobra, Coral Snake, Death Adder, Egyptian Cobra, Green Namba, King Cobra, Krait, Taipan and Tiger Snake. The Xenopeltidae (Sunbeam Snakes) live underground, in leaves, or under trash. They live in humid forests, rice paddi es, farm fields, parks and gardens next to the woods. They can be found in Southern China, Southeast Asia, west of Thailand, and South through Indonesia. At some point in time, all of these snakes will mate and the breading strategies are all very similar if not the same. Every creature must recreate themselves in order to survive. When procreating, they need to keep in mind what it takes to attract the perfect mate in order to continue its legacy. This is where the importance of mating takes place. The

Women in the Struggle for Americas Independence Essay - 1

Women in the Struggle for Americas Independence - Essay Example Patriot women also engaged in their traditional weaving to make clothes for local consumption. Reduced market on imported products did not only interfere with local economic development but also forced local community to appreciate traditional values. Although women were not allowed to actively participate in the country’s economy, Africa America and housewives utilized their purchasing power to support patriot women by cause through refusing to purchase British manufactured products. Refusal to purchase and consume British manufactured products was used to communicate a very critical political message to the British government. In addition, to demonstrate their concern in the United States of America affairs, American women formed the first women political Movement Edenton Tea Party. The formation of this movement resulted in the signing by 51 women an agreement to officially boycott tea and other products that were produced in Britain. Even though, it was an America policy to use local products at the expense of international produced products; it was America women who enacted the initiative in their household. In 1778, a good number of women confronted a merchant who was holding and selling British coffee and confiscated the coffee.  Although women role in the war was concentrated in family economic, the revolution witnessed women participation in broader economic perspectives.  Ã‚   Women actively participated in the lively revolution by being recruited in legislative bodies and in the military.   

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition Essay Example for Free

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition Essay Exhibitors expect to meet visitors so they can do business with. Organizers need visitors to visit their exhibitions’ so they can encourage exhibitors to join their exhibitions, therefore making positive financial returns. On the 28-31 October this year, the HKTDC will organize an international furniture fair at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition centre. The most successful companies in this exhibition will be the ones that take advantage of the knowledge the event organizers have to offer, and then successfully communicate that knowledge to the project team that will design all the elements that will be present within the display booth. Other factors for a successful exhibition in the eyes of the exhibitor include but not limited to the following †¢Establish meaningfully goals, and come up with a strong and reliable strategy that will achieve your goals. †¢Put into practice powerful and unforgettable marketing initiatives before, during, and after the exhibition. Choose the best type of exhibit display booth that meets your goals and promotional needs as well as your budgetary requirements. †¢Effectively make use of display accessories, banners, graphics, lighting, booth design, and materials to heighten visibility and drive sales. †¢Hand out Promotional products that complement your company image. †¢Ensure those working the show are well trained to fully represent your company, generate leads, and secure sales. Through the eyes of the organizer the key factors of a successful exhibition is when all the exhibition goals have been achieved or completed. Some of those goals I have listed below †¢Pre-promotional strategy as meet it objectives by providing enough interest in the exhibition †¢All the allocated floor space as been taken up by exhibitors †¢Visitors count by surpassed the expected amount †¢Feedback from exhibitors is good and bookings are taken for the following year †¢Nothing unexpected happens †¢When organizers receive recognition for their exhibition A well organized event will enhance awareness, help to capture new business leads and advance customer relationships

Development of E-Recruitment Software

Development of E-Recruitment Software 3.7 Advantages Disadvantages of E-Recruitment There are many benefits both to the employers and the job seekers but the not also free from a few shortcomings. Some of the advantages and the disadvantages of e –Recruitment are as follows: Advantages of E-Recruitment (For the Proposed System) are: Lower costs to the organization. Also, posting jobs online is cheaper than advertising in the newspapers. No intermediaries. Reduction in the time for recruitment (over 60 percent of the hiring time). Facilitates the recruitment of right type of people with the required skills. Improved efficiency of recruitment Process Gives a 24*7 access to online collection of resumes. Online recruitment helps the organizations to weed out the unqualified candidates in an automated way. Recruitment websites also provide client companies with valuable data and information regarding the compensation offered by their competitors which helps the HR managers to take various HR decisions like promotions, salary trends in industry etc Disadvantages of E-Recruitment Apart from the earlier named benefits, e-recruitment has its own demerits/ disadvantages. Some of them are: Screening and checking the skill mapping and authenticity of millions of resumes is a problem and time consuming exercise for organizations. Internet access is yet to become a household need and not a want as there is still little or no awareness in many locations across Nigeria. In Nigeria, the employers and the employees still prefer a face-to-face interaction rather than sending e-mails. Other users can have access to the system provided he or she meets the pre condition Unacceptable changes can be made to any of the editable information details i.e. updating false records. Unauthorized staff are banned from getting access to the facility as the case may be ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM OF THE APPLICATION (ER DIAGRAM) DATABASE DESIGN FOR THE E-HIRING APPLICATION Chapter Four System DESIGN 4.1 System design is change from a user oriented document to programmers or data base personnel. The design is a solution on how to approach the creation of a new system. This is composed of several steps. It provides the understanding and procedural details necessary for implementing the system recommended in the feasibility study. Designing involves the logical and physical stages of development, logical designs reviews the present physical system, prepares input and output specification, details of implementation plan and prepare a logical design walkthrough. The database tables are designed by analyzing functions involved in the system and format of the fields is also designed. The fields in the database tables should define their role in the system. The unnecessary fields should be avoided because it affects the storage areas of the system. Then the design of the input and output screen should be made user friendly. The menu should be precise and compact. 4.2 ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM The newly designed system should improve the workability of the existing system. It would take care of the shortfalls i.e. problems encountered using the manual system of recruitment. It will have a self service module for the applicant’s registration. The proposed system will be user friendly which makes it easier, faster, and more reliable to use. For this project, the platform will have a web site which any user of internet can access. Once the applicants have registered they can send their details and the system will automatically store them in the respective fields. The user should be able to: Login to the system through the first page of application Centralize and automate administration of the application at the departmental level. Use self-service and self-guided services (applicants registration) Consolidate recruitment activities on a scalable web-based platform Support portability and standards Personalize content and enable exchange of applicants Manage applicants Handle applicant selection and sending of mails to successful applicants Display scores and transcripts 4.1 SOFTWARE DESIGN: ARCHITECTURE OF THE NEW SYSTEM In designing the software certain principles are followed: 1. Modularity and partitioning: Software is designed such that, each system should consist of a hierarchy of modules, partitioned to carry out specific functions. 2. Coupling: Modules should have little dependence on other modules of a system. 3. Cohesion: Modules should carry out a single processing function. 4. Shared use: Avoid duplication by allowing a single module to be called by others that need the function it provides. 4.2 PROCESS REQUIREMENTS USE-CASE MODELLING The main objective of constructing the requirements use-case model is to elicit and analyze requirements information which helps to prepare a model that communicates what is required from a user perspective but is free of specific details of how the system will be built and implemented. Cockburn, A (2001), notes that â€Å"a use case captures a contract, describes the system’s behavior under various conditions as the system responds to a request from one of its stakeholders†. In essence, a use case explains in a nut shell how a user (who can play a number of roles) interacts with the system under a specific set of circumstances. Pressman, S.R (2010), describes Use Case as how a user interacts with the system by defining the steps required to accomplish a specific goal. Using this approach will produce a more robust design that will be in three modules database, business logic and interface. The use of the waterfall system, RAD (rapid application development) with iterat ive and incremental development allows for the introduction of new requirements later in the project without seriously affecting the development of the final solution. The steps required to produce this model are the following: Identify business actors. Identify business requirement use cases. Construct use-case model diagram. Document business requirement use-case narratives. The project is expected to address the following areas:- Applicants Registration job category creation job Information Management Module shortlisted applicants Information Management Module The registration and management of the Company asset will contain the following unique information items: Name of applicants, Applicants details Application id, emails, discipline, job description grade ARCHITECTURE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW SYSTEM Because the proposed system is web based and is going to be an ERP (enterprise Resource planning), application staff can Login at anywhere to gain access to the system. The graphical interface that would be adopted for this testing system is one whereby there is a comparison with the conventional login system where one user is permitted to login to the system at a time, multiple user login is impossible. The new system is more reliable and secure, and because it is a web based application, it can be deployed on the central server, where other work stations can be connected to it once they are on the network and users will be able to view the application. This explains the nature of the flexibility of the testing system to be developed. 4.5 INPUT DESIGN The applicant registration form will be designed such that it will include all information required about the staff job duties. The contents of this form will be similar to the hard copy form currently in use for staff appraisal A sample of some of the fields in the applicant Reg form interface is depicted below: CHAPTER FIVE: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT 5.1 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION OVERVIEW The development of the recruitment (E-hiring) system for the HR department of Visafone Company is made up of three layers namely: The Interface Layers. The Middle tier Layers(Business Logic) The Database Structure(Housing the database tables and stored procedures) This n tier approach to the construction, design and implementation of the project is to ensure that the application is stable and consistent such that any changes on any of the layers will not affect the other layers. For instance, if the database is changed from Microsoft SQL to Oracle, all that needs to be done is a change in connection and not a change in the entire three tier application. The key called â€Å"HR† (located between the two ) is the connection string while the key â€Å"SMTP† is the server configuration that connects to the internal mail server to send mails. A Class (Human.cs) was created as a container for all the methods that will be used by the application because the concepts of object oriented programming was used. 5.1.1 HARDWARE Windows 7 operating system Visual studio embedded on Windows 7 operating system for development Laptop 60GB HDD 2GB RAM 5.1.2 SOFTWARE Visual studio 2010 C# programming language SQL 2008 server as back end database Microsoft Visio 2007 5.2IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE Implementation of the web based recruitment application (E-HIRING system) went through many stages which are: 5.2.1 Database Construction After the installation of Microsoft SQL 2008 server, a new database named HRManagement was created using the SQL Enterprise Manager. The database was constructed using the flowchart designed in the previous chapter such that columns and table attributes needed for the application were created. The following tables and their corresponding parameters were created for this database. tbl_vaccancy tbl_HR tbl_Applicant tbl_ApplicantRegistration tbl_event tbl_department tbl_interviewer tbl_RegisterUser tbl_AllRequest 5.2.2 Web server Configuration To configure the web server, Microsoft Internet Information Service (IIS) was installed on the machine to be used for hosting the web pages to be accessed. This is done by: Click Start – Click Control Panel – Click Add/Remove Program – Click Add/Remove Windows Component – Check Internet Information Service – Insert Windows XP CD – Click Next – Click Finish and Reboot the machine. Click Start – Right Click My Computer and Select Manage – Click Services and Application – Expand the Internet Information Services Icon – Expand Web sites – Right Click Default Web Site – Click on Properties and configure the parameters. 5.2.3Business layer Creation and Referencing After the installation of Microsoft Visual Studio 2003, the business layer (which has to do with the business logic behind the research project) was created using the namespace FIRSBusinessLayer and the Visual Studio application gives us the Microsoft.ApplicationBlock.Data which is used for the connection to the database. In order to make them usable, they were referenced in the application by doing the following: Start Visual Studio – Click on HRManagement – Click View and select Solution Explorer (which opens at the side of the page) – Right-click References under HRManagement and click Add Reference which opens the Add Reference box. Click on Projects button – double click the FIRSBusinessLayer and click ok to add the reference as shown below: Also double click on the Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.data and click ok to reference it. A screenshot of the created methods and properties is shown below: 5.2.4Creation of Interfaces These were created as modules to give the various methods the expected parameters. Visual Studio was used for designing the interfaces using the control toolbox which consists of textbox, image, buttons and labels. The following interfaces were created and viewed using Windows Explorer: CHANGEPASSWORD.aspx createApplicant.aspx CreateChannelmanager.aspx RegisterUsers.aspx setupInterviewers.aspx aboutus.aspx AllallocatedApplicant.aspx AllRegsisteredApplicant.aspx StaffLogin.aspx careers.aspx HOME.aspx HRADminframe.aspx HRlogin.aspx HRmanagement.aspx HRrespond.aspx listofjobsforRRespondr.aspx RecoverPassword.aspx StaffLogin.aspx Under Set up folder createApplicant.aspx createDepartment.aspx createHRstaff.aspx CreateVacancy.aspx StaffLogin.aspx SearchAndRequstForApplicant.aspx SearchAndRequstForvaccancy.aspx SearchAndRequstForvaccancyByVcancyNo.aspx StatusOfApllicant.aspx 5.2.5Debugging the Application The debugging tool is used essentially for testing the application to see if the three tiers (i.e. the database structure, middle tier and Interface) are properly connected. The debugging tool was used severally to see if the application can compile, many errors were displayed and break points were created at suspected sources of error and they were corrected accordingly. To confirm that the application is error free, the following was done: Open the Project in Visual Studio (i.e. HRManagement in this case) and Click Build solution on the Build button. After successful compilation, it will show â€Å"Build Succeed, 0 Skipped, 0 failed†. See screenshot below: Home.aspx is configured as the start up page for the application and all pages are linked back to the main site by clicking the HOME button on page. To run the application, Click on the Debug button and Click Start, this opens the main site through the browser. 5.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS In order to effectively run this application, the required minimum hardware specifications are: Processor Speed: Pentium V, 1.4GHZ RAM Size: 512MB A USB port or CD Drive Display Settings: 1024X768 pixels Operating System: Windows XP, Windows 2000 or 2003 Server 5.5USER GUIDE/MANUAL This application is to be used by three groups of people namely: Registered users: These are registered users e.g. staff, interviewers, HR assistant, Admin. etc they can request, check Applicant status, and subsequently view and allocate applicants once they have been properly authenticated by the system. The Administrator manages the software application. He performs administrative tasks such as configuring the application to automatically send mails to selected applicants generate summarized reports and create personnel. He can also Create HR Managers, Create Registered Users and Create Interviewers etc. HR personnel: These are also the soul of the software they can see all Applicants application on the system, they can also authorize/select, delete, hire, they can also create other users in the system, can close vacancy, create applicant, create interviewers and allocate interviews. Applicants: This is the person that applies for a vacancy or one that has chosen to apply into the various jobs vacancies advertised. He uses the application by applying for the various openings, and when applied a reference number is generated .With the reference number he/she can check the status of its application .i.e. hired, rejected and if vacancy is still available. Once he has submitted its application into the system, he/she can also edit some of its profile. CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 ACHIEVEMENTS The following were achieved by the project: Uncover savings through business process improvement and support for strategic decision making Gained control of the Recruitment process Increased accountability to ensure compliance Enhanced performance of assets and the life cycle management Risk reduction through standardization and tracking, proper documentation, loss of records ,detection of employees records Align IT with business goals to support business decisions 6.2 LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS The limitations encountered in the course of this project are as follows: Because this project has to do with recruitments, the various security measures put in place by other companies visited and this made it difficult to get more information. No company wants to divulge its security information i.e. personnel records Limited materials available to specifically address the project goals Limited time to develop the application Lack of enough programming skills to come up with something better than this in terms of project delivery 6.3 AREAS OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT While I believe a great work has been done in the development of an e-hiring recruitment processing systems for the HR department, the following still needs to be addressed: The system should be integrated with an SMS alert system using a third party provider system The application needs to be tested by so many users to ascertain its durability It database needs to be upgraded to SQL 2008 full version The system should provide high level-based approval process in order to improve security and hasten requisition process. It should provide capabilities to aid IT infrastructure staff knowing what IT assets they have, where they are and their status. Provide an avenue for easy IT Asset movement and assignment. An encryption algorithm was not used for the database as it’s not designed for commercial use and resident only on my system for project purposes. However the research work is open to further development by whoever deems it fit. 6.4 RECOMMENDATIONS Due to the deficiencies of the current method and the need to improve the method, there is a need for a web based recruitment processing system, that reduces or totally eliminates paper involvement, providing accurate inventory status report, ease decision making, and provides an avenue where by each IT asset can be tracked, assigned and re-assigned. 6.5 CONCLUSION It is expected that the E-hiring (Recruitment) system should help to increase productivity to the organization through sourcing for qualified job seekers. It should help eliminate the burden of space that is needed to store the hard copies of Cvs. Thus, different organizations (governmental and nongovernmental) are expected for source for candidates through the online requirement system. ORS should be the determinants of recruitment due to its benefits which has astounding advantages.

Cost-Utility Analysis Essay -- Economics

The central concern of economics is how best to allocate scarce resources among competing uses. The same concern applies to the scope of health care. As a result, pharmacoeconomics, which compares the value of one pharmaceutical drug or drug therapy to another, became a prominent issue by the mid 1980s. There are several types of pharmacoeconomic evaluations, one of which is cost–utility analysis (CUA). CUA focuses on quality of a health outcome produced or forgone by different health programs or treatments. CUA is a form of cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) that attempts to capture timing and duration of disease and disability by comparing the utility (person’s preference) associated with different health outcomes. (see Figure 1) It was originally called â€Å"Generalized Cost-Effective Analysis† as it is used to narrow the restrictiveness of traditional cost-effectiveness analysis. In 1972, it was renamed â€Å"Utility Maximization† and then â€Å"Healthy Status Index Model† in 1976. Since 1982, it has been referred to as CUA in many countries, although the United States still called it CEA. Even though these two terms are used interchangeably, there are still several distinguishing features between the two. Such differences include integration of multiple outcomes, , quantification of outcomes based on desirability, and measurement of relative desirability of outcomes with von Neumann-Morgenstern utility theory. A cost-utility analysis describes the additional cost of the new intervention per unit of health gain and assesses health in terms of length and quality of life using the quality adjusted life year (QALY). QALYs were invented in 1956 by two health economists, Christopher Cundell and Carlos McCartney. The concept of QALY was f... ...room/features/measuringeffectivenessandcosteffectivenesstheqaly.jsp Neumann, P., Weinstein M. (2010, Oct 14). Legislating against use of cost-effectiveness information. The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol 363, 1495-1497. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1007168. Office of Health Economics (2002). What is a QALY? Retrieved from http://oheschools.org/ohech5pg4.html Wilkerson J. (2011, Sep 28). PCORI head vows not to do cost-effectiveness studies, but notes gray areas. InsideHealthPolicy.com. Retrieved from http://insidehealthpolicy.com/Inside-Health-General/Public-Content/pcori-head-vows-not-to-do-cost-effectiveness-studies-but-notes-gray-areas/menu-id-869.html Yee, GC (1997, Dec 1). Cost-utility analysis of taxane therapy. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Vol 54, Supplement 2, S11-15. Retrieved from http://ajhp.org/content/54/suppl_2/S11.short

Giuliani :: essays research papers

When Mayor Giuliani first began his campaign for mayor he placed a strong emphasis on quality of life, crime, business, and education. This strategy proved to be very successful and he was appointed as the 107th Mayor of New York. As Giuliani began his term began to follow through on his promises and made several changes in many of New York’s important bureaus ("Biography of Rudolph,† n.d.). The first task that Giuliani took was that of decreasing the amount of crime that was present in New York. He implemented new strategies that have since become models that many other large cities from around the world have followed. While Giuliani was mayor, overall crime was down 57%, and murder was decreased by 65%. With these statistics, New York was recognized by the FBI as the safest large city in the world for five continuous years ("Biography of Rudolph,† n.d.). Another area that Giuliani implemented change was in the area of welfare. At the beginning of his term as mayor, one out of seven New York residents was on welfare. Giuliani started a program which would bring work to these residents and help them to become able to support themselves financially. Through this program 640,000 people were able to get off welfare and stop relying on welfare money provided by the government ("Biography of Rudolph,† n.d.). The last area that Giuliani brought change to was the area of education. Giuliani felt that this was a very important and focused on increasing money for education and bringing up standards. He helped to bring the student-teacher ratio to the lowest it had been in many years and increased available money for education by four million dollars.

Enrollment system Essay

Welcome! The following terms serve as a contract that governs your use of our family of websites, applications and services (the â€Å"Service†). BY SIGNING UP, OR ACCESSING OR USING THE SERVICE, YOU SIGNIFY THAT YOU AGREE TO THESE TERMS (â€Å"AGREEMENT† OR â€Å"TERMS†) AND TO RESOLVE ANY DISPUTE BY ARBITRATION. 1. Summary of Terms These Terms have the same force and effect as an Agreement signed in writing. If you do not agree to these Terms, you may not use the Service. Each time you access, upload, or download any content from the Service, you signify your agreement to the then-current terms. This Agreement is subject to change at any time; therefore, you are responsible to review these Terms regularly to learn about any changes. We will post an updated version of these Terms if we modify them. You understand and agree that your ongoing use of the Service after we post or provide notice of the changes to this Agreement means that you accept and confirm that the updated Terms apply to you. The laws of the State of California govern this Agreement. You agree to resolve any dispute with us as provided in the Dispute Resolution Procedures described in Sections 21 and 22 below, which include arbitration and the options you have with arbitration. We use the term â€Å"You† to mean the person or entity who will access or use the Service as an end user. The term â€Å"Login† means the combination of unique username and password that is used to access our Service. A login is a license to use a site, application or service for a period of time that is specified. â€Å"Membership† or â€Å"Members† means a single registration and/or subscription account per user of a valid username and password (login) for the service during the term of a subscription. â€Å"We† or â€Å"us† in this Agreement shall mean: its brands, affiliates, subsidiaries and operating divisions.

Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 14

I worked an evening shift that day and had made plans to have lunch with Maddie. She and I had worked several shifts together in the last week or so, but things were getting so crazy at the store that we hardly had a chance to talk anymore. â€Å"Well, aren't we the rebels?† she said when the waiter set two margaritas on the table. We were at the â€Å"unholy† place Peter, Cody, and Hugh had tried to lure me out to a few nights ago. â€Å"Nah,† I said, licking the edge of my glass. Salt and lime juice were proof of God's existence. And tequila was proof of Satan's. â€Å"We don't work for three more hours. We'll be sober by then. Besides, I'm your superior, and I say it's okay.† We clinked glasses and drank up. â€Å"I feel like I'm boring,† she told me halfway through our meal. â€Å"Not true.† â€Å"It is. I don't do anything with my life.† She held the glass by its stem, swirling the contents around and around. â€Å"Doug goes out every night, either to practice or party or whatever. Me? If I'm not at work, I'm home writing articles or watching reality TV.† â€Å"What do you wish you were doing instead?† â€Å"I don't know. There are lots of things I've thought about. Skydiving. Travel. Always kind of wanted to go to South America. But it's hard, you know? Those kinds of things force you to break out of your comfort zone.† â€Å"There's no reason you can't do those things. You're smart and capable, and I think you're braver than you give yourself credit for.† She smiled. â€Å"Why are you such a cheerleader for me?† â€Å"Because you're awesome.† The truth was, I was starting to realize, Maddie reminded me of myself when I'd been mortal. Not entirely comfortable with my body (I'd been insanely tall). Not always so adept socially (my sharp attitude had gotten me in trouble a lot). That version of me was centuries gone, but a kernel of it would always be within me. I gestured the waiter over and shook my glass at him. â€Å"Hey, Josh. Can you hook me up?† Josh the waiter, who looked too young to drink, took the glass with a grin. â€Å"You bet. Same thing?† â€Å"Yep. Although†¦I hate to tell you this, but it was kind of weak.† Josh adopted an offended air. â€Å"Was it? I'll yell at the bartender immediately. Maybe I'll make him come over and apologize on bended knee.† â€Å"No need,† I said magnanimously. â€Å"Just have him add an extra shot this time.† He gave a gallant bow and winked. â€Å"As you command.† Maddie groaned when he was gone. â€Å"See? I could never flirt that way. Certainly not with jailbait like him.† â€Å"Sure you can.† She shook her head. â€Å"No. I have the worst luck with men.† â€Å"How is that possible? You're always saying funny things to me.† â€Å"You're not a man. And I'm not afraid of you,† she explained. â€Å"You're afraid of Josh the waiter?† â€Å"Well†¦no, not exactly. But I just get so self-conscious. All flustered and stuff.† I leaned forward and spoke in a conspiratorial tone. â€Å"Trade secret. Everyone's self-conscious. Act like you aren't, and you'll be a superstar.† Josh brought me my margarita. I thanked him with more flirting while Maddie looked thoughtful. When he went to check on another table, she sighed. â€Å"Did you know that I've only ever slept with two guys?† â€Å"So?† â€Å"So, I'm twenty-nine! Isn't that sad?† I thought about my track record. No point even trying to count. â€Å"Just means you have standards.† She grimaced. â€Å"You haven't met the guys.† â€Å"So find a good one. Plenty of them out there.† I had a weird flash of d? ¦j? ¤ vu to past conversations with Tawny. â€Å"Not that I've seen. Well, except maybe Seth. He's one of the good ones.† She sighed. â€Å"He still hasn't mentioned our date.† â€Å"Hasn't he?† I'd have to get on him about that. â€Å"Yeah. Unless babysitting his nieces counts.† She shrugged. â€Å"It's okay. Like I said, I know he just did it because he felt bad. I appreciate the gesture. Oh hey, I overheard Seth saying something to Doug about how you wanted a Christmas tree. Are you having trouble finding one or something?† I groaned. â€Å"Not that again.† â€Å"So†¦you don't want one? Or do you? You seem like the kind of person who would.† â€Å"Honestly? I'm indifferent.† I shook my head. â€Å"It's something my friend Peter started, then he told Seth.† She cut me a suspicious look. â€Å"You know, you sure seem to hang out with Seth a lot.† â€Å"Hey, you can be friends with nice guys too.† I had no idea why I still felt the need to keep my relationship with Seth a secret. Some instinct told me it was the right thing to do. â€Å"Too bad,† said Maddie, finishing her own margarita. â€Å"I bet he'd treat his girlfriend like a princess.† â€Å"Yeah,† I agreed wryly. â€Å"So long as that princess doesn't mind a mistress. Sometimes I think his writing will always be his first love.† To my surprise, Maddie didn't laugh or look outraged. â€Å"Well, I think that's the price you've gotta pay if you want to be with a man like that. It might be worth it.† Now I became pensive, wondering if this was true. Was I too hard on Seth and his distractibility? When lunch wrapped up, we walked back – not too tipsy – to the bookstore. I nudged Maddie as we stepped inside. â€Å"Okay, here's the deal. In the next week, I want you to do three adventurous things.† She looked startled. â€Å"What kind of adventurous things?† â€Å"I don't know.† I pondered, thinking I might be drunker than I'd suspected. â€Å"The adventurous kind. Go out clubbing. Wear red lipstick. Doesn't matter. All I know is that there's going to be a pop quiz later, okay?† â€Å"That's ridiculous. It's not that easy,† she said with a scowl, turning away. â€Å"You can't just make something like that happen.† â€Å"Did I just hear you tell Maddie to go clubbing?† Seth's voice asked a moment later. She was already halfway across the store, and I doubted she'd take me up on my challenge. Too bad. I turned around to face him. â€Å"I'm helping her live life.† â€Å"By drinking in the middle of the day?† he teased. I pointed upstairs. â€Å"Don't you have a book to finish? I'll talk to you later. I have important things to do.† I felt only a little bad about dismissing him, seeing as we had dinner plans and would see each other later. He wandered off to write, and I threw myself into my work. Someone was home sick, so I got to be out amid the holiday shopping frenzy. Maddie worked a register beside me, and I was pleased to see how cheery and charismatic she was with customers. When closing time came, I stopped in front of the newspapers, looking for†¦well, I didn't know what. But I hadn't forgotten about that poor drowning victim. I wondered if there might be more about him – or more about anything that might help me figure out what was happening to me in my sleep. Sadly, the headlines offered no insight today. Seth and I drove to Pioneer Square for our late dinner and unsurprisingly couldn't find parking. We ended up several blocks away and were freezing by the time we entered the restaurant. The trek was worth it, though. This place was one of my favorites, serving up Cajun food spicy enough to chase away the winter chill. With gumbo and ? ¦touff? ¦e, it was hard to brood for too long. We'd almost finished dessert when my cell phone rang. I didn't recognize the number. â€Å"Hello?† â€Å"Hey, Georgina. This is Vincent.† â€Å"Hey,† I said, surprised to be hearing from him. â€Å"Look, I really need to talk to you in person. Is there any way I can see you?† â€Å"Right now?† â€Å"Yeah†¦it's kind of important.† I glanced over at Seth, who was finishing the last of his bread pudding. He was so easygoing, I doubted he'd mind if Vincent stopped by. â€Å"I'm out with Seth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It'll just take a few minutes,† Vincent promised. â€Å"Okay.† I told him where we were, and he told me he'd be there shortly. He wasn't kidding. I'd barely explained the situation to Seth when Vincent walked into the restaurant. â€Å"What'd you do, fly over here?† I asked as he slid into a chair beside us. â€Å"Nah, I was just close.† He gestured to the remnants of our desserts. â€Å"Looks good.† â€Å"It was great,† I said. â€Å"Now, what's up?† He hesitated and glanced in Seth's direction. â€Å"It's fine. Seth knows everything,† I assured him. The waitress came by and dropped off our receipt and change. Vincent studied Seth a moment more, then turned back to me. â€Å"Okay. I just have a quick question for you. We can talk about it on our way out.† The three of us set out into the cold again, heading toward Seth's car. â€Å"So,† Vincent began. â€Å"Remember that story you told me a little while ago? About the cop shooting his partner?† â€Å"Yup.† â€Å"Where'd you hear it?† We walked in silence for a few moments as I tried to remember. â€Å"I don't know. Probably on TV. Maybe I saw the headline at the store. Can't recall.† â€Å"Are you sure?† I frowned. â€Å"Positive.† Vincent sighed. â€Å"Well, here's the thing. I looked into that story and had a hard time finding out anything. It was never made public. I actually had to go investigate with some police sources.† â€Å"It had to have been made public. How else would I have known?† â€Å"That's what I'm trying to figure out.† I racked my brain. Where had I heard it? No clue. I'd just known it when I talked to Vincent that day. But, obviously, it hadn't sprung up in my head out of the blue. â€Å"Do you know anybody in the police department?† he suggested. â€Å"No one I would have talked to. Maybe I overheard someone. Seriously, I just†¦I just can't remember.† â€Å"What's the story?† Seth asked me. Puzzle pieces suddenly fell together. The cop was just like the guy who'd swam Puget Sound. Both had had a vision of something that wasn't true, but their subsequent actions had brought it about. And I had known about both stories before I should have. â€Å"Georgina?† asked Seth. â€Å"This cop went crazy in a store and started – â€Å" â€Å"Okay, just stop. Just fucking stop.† The three of us jerked to a halt as the voice came out of the darkness. In heading toward our remote parking spot, we'd strayed quite a ways away from the hustle and bustle of Pioneer Square. And from around a corner, a man in need of a shave and clean clothes had emerged. He made Carter look genteel. Muggings were rare in Seattle, but statistics meant little when actually being mugged. The man had a gun aimed at us. â€Å"Give me everything you've got,† he growled. He had kind of a wide-eyed, paranoid look, and I wondered if he was on something. Again, it meant little. He had a gun. We didn't. â€Å"Every fucking thing. Wallet. Jewelry. Whatever. I'll shoot. I swear to God, I will.† I took a step in front of Seth and Vincent, small enough not to raise the guy's alarms but enough to put me in the line of fire. I'd been shot before. It hurt, but it couldn't kill me. My humans were the ones in danger. â€Å"Sure,† I said, reaching into my purse. I kept my voice low and soothing. â€Å"Whatever you want.† â€Å"Hurry up,† he snapped. His gun was aimed squarely at me now, which was fine. Behind me, I heard Seth and Vincent rustling around for their wallets as well. With a pang, I realized I'd have to give up Seth's ring, which I'd worn on a chain around my neck tonight, but that was a small price to pay if we all walked away from this unscathed. Suddenly, I saw movement in my peripheral vision. Before I could stop him, Seth lunged forward toward the man and slammed him into the side of the brick building near us. I had never taken Seth for the fighting type, but it was actually pretty impressive. Unfortunately, it was not needed at the moment. Vincent and I sprang into the fray, moving at exactly the same time. The guy had been forced to lower his gun while Seth pinned him against the wall, but the attacker was struggling with the ferocity of a bear. Vincent and I tried to add our own strength, mainly hoping to wrest the gun away. It was one of those moments in time that seemed both really long and really short. Then, the gun went off. My two companions and I stopped moving. The guy used the brief lull to wiggle away from us and ran off into the night. I exhaled a breath of relief, grateful it was all over. â€Å"Georgina – † said Vincent. Seth sank to his knees, and that's when I saw the blood. It was all over his left thigh, dark and slick in the watery light of a flickering streetlight. His face was pale and wide-eyed with shock. â€Å"Oh, God.† I fell down beside him, trying to get a look at the leg. â€Å"Call 911!† I screamed at Vincent. Having anticipated me, he already had his cell out. Some part of my brain listened to him speaking frantically into the phone, but the rest of my attention was on Seth. â€Å"Oh God, oh God,† I said, ripping off my coat. Blood was pouring steadily out of the wound. I pressed my coat into it, trying to slow the bleeding. â€Å"Hang with me. Oh, please, please, hang with me.† Seth's eyes looked at me with both tenderness and pain. His lips parted slightly, but no words came out. I lifted the coat and looked at the wound. Vincent knelt beside me. â€Å"It won't stop, it won't stop,† I moaned. Vincent peered over my shoulder. â€Å"Femoral artery.† After over a millennium, I knew the human body and what could kill it. I would have realized what kind of a shot this was if I hadn't been so hysterical. â€Å"It'll drain him,† I whispered, pressing the coat into his leg again. I had seen it happen before, watched people bleed to death right in front of me. â€Å"It'll kill him before they get here. That bullet hit perfectly.† Beside me, I heard Vincent take a deep, shaking breath. Then, his hands covered mine. â€Å"Take it away,† he said softly. â€Å"I have to slow the bleeding.† But he gently lifted my hands away, taking the coat up as well. There was blood everywhere. I imagined I could see it steaming in the cold air. Vincent rested his hands on Seth's thigh, oblivious to the mess. Words formed on the tip of my tongue but never came out. The air around us began burning, and a prickling feeling raced across my skin. For a moment, Seth seemed to be bathed in white light. From Vincent, I suddenly had the sensation of dried lavender and humidity. It was tinged in something else†¦something I'd never hoped to sense again. Then, it all faded away. Vincent removed his hands, and when I looked down, blood no longer oozed from Seth's thigh. â€Å"I'm sorry,† gasped Vincent. â€Å"I'm not so good at healing, and if I do any more, the others will sense me. This will keep him alive until the ambulance gets here.† In the distance, I heard the faint sounds of sirens. In my chest, my heart thudded. The world slowed its pace. How long had Vincent said he'd known Yasmine? Fifteen years. Too, too long. He didn't look any older than thirty. They hadn't met when he was a teen. The timing didn't make sense. Neither did the fact that he had just healed a major injury. But none of that was as telling as what else I'd already discovered. For just a moment, he'd let his defenses slip, and I'd felt – an immortal signature. And while immortals have unique features of their own, all types of immortals have certain attributes that identify them by creature as well. Succubi. Vampires. Angels. Demons. Vincent's signature had given him away. The others will sense me. I stared at Vincent as red flashing lights rounded the corner. My eyes were as wide as Seth's had been. â€Å"You're a nephilim,† I breathed.

Reflection report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Reflection report - Essay Example The lifeline of an organization has a close link with the organizational ability and power to innovate and re-innovate in order to keep the competitive advantage valid in the long run. The companies have to ensure that they find fresh streams of revenue on a regular basis so that they can keep their sales volume steady and intact over the passage of time (Badelt & Weiss, 1990). The companies have to deal with traditional and conventional needs and wants of the customers in a new and inventive way. In the language of marketing, one can say that modern companies require fulfilling expectations of the customers by innovating in terms of finding new ways to satisfy them. The featured company did not innovate on an operational level, but they took their offering to a new level by making a tough and difficult decision of going global when the odds against them were simply overwhelming to say the least. The company made a bold strategic choice of performing international market development (Auger, Burke, Devinney, & Louviere, 2003). The choice was valid, but it was risky, and that helped the company regarding tapping into the latent sources of revenue worldwide (Baron & Tang, 2011). The research effort lifted various sort of data and information about the company through running internet search, and the net profit remained significant in the year of 2011. The abovementioned annual period was lucrative in nature because the company started to reap benefits and results of the decision that involved taking the business to the global level (Elenkov, Judge, & Wright, 2005). The domestic markets were not generating sufficient returns, and therefore, the company had to innovate with reference to establishment of international outlets. The company was manufacturing sports and excursion goods, but they were not able to crunch significant corporate success in the opening years. Besides, the company was operating since 1892, and they decided that they did not have

Public Finance Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public Finance Economics - Assignment Example Firms based in large home markets like the United States and the European Union (EU) should pay great attention to domestic environmental regulations. In contrast, firms from smaller countries like Canada (which is one-tenth the size of the United States), most Asian countries and all Latin American countries should focus primarily upon the environmental regulations of their major customers (usually the "triad" economies of the United States, the EU and Japan). Current paper develops a new conceptual framework which addresses this asymmetry by examining the interactions between government and the firm. In the following section of the paper I examine the relationship between environmental regulations and firms' responsiveness to them providing managerial perspective on compliance to international environmental policies. Paper particularly emphasizes the environmental side agreement of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) linking Canada, Mexico and the United States. NAFTA i s a major breakthrough since it is the first international trade agreement (other than internal EU regulations) to explicitly incorporate environmental issues, and to establish a bureaucracy to administer trade and environment interaction, primarily through the NAFTA Commission on Environmental Cooperation (CEC). NAFTA and the CEC can be seen as benchmarks for analysis of other international environmental organizations and agreements. Further, the discussion of a corporate strategy framework follows with which managers can determine the appropriate choice of strategy in response to both international and national environmental pressures. They can comply with new environmental regulations, but also develop green capabilities which may allow them to outperform competitors on environmental strategy grounds alone. Green strategies may focus on responding strongly to national regulations, international regulations or both simultaneously. In Section 4 we discuss the argument that firms can seek to avoid domestic environmental regulations by moving offshore; the Mexico pollution-haven case. 1. A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE ON COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES At the level of the firm targeted by international environmental policies, the corporate response in terms of compliance depends upon its expected economic benefits. These economic benefits can be high or low, as shown on the vertical axis of Figure 1. A second issue (on the horizontal axis) is whether these benefits are driven primarily by expected improvements in industrial performance (e.g., market share, profitability, growth, etc.) or by sanctions associated with non-compliance. In the latter case, it is mainly the strength of the administrative enforcement apparatus which determines compliance. For a discussion on the benefits of compliance, see Barrett (1992), Henriques and Sadorsky (1996), Nehrt (1998), Walley and Whitehead (1994). The four possible managerial responses are the following. In quadrant 1, performance driven compliance prevails.

A Comparative Narrative Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Comparative Narrative - Term Paper Example Both the countries have an open economy. Their relations have enhanced rapidly after the free trade agreement between them, which reduced their existing trade barriers (Berkelmans, Davis, McKibbin & Stoeckel, 2001, pp. 1-112). On the other hand, trade relation between China and the US has been a topic of serious discussion in recent times. Due to sustained growth in economies of both the countries, there has been a considerable enhancement in import and export activities between them (Wang, 2010, pp. 165-210). This paper intends to analyze the present trade or business relations between the countries of China and Australia with the US. Furthermore, the paper would aim to present a comparative analysis with regard to the business relationship between Australia-US and China-US. Discussion Trade is an important aspect for economy of any country. In the modern day context, trade between countries has expanded rapidly primarily owing to the enhanced globalization. In this portion of the p aper, the trade relations of Australia and China with US would be exemplified. Trade Relations of Australia with the US The two nations i.e. Australia and the United stated share a healthy trade relationship. Both the countries share many cultural and traditional values among them. Trade is equally important to both the countries. Approximately 11% of the Australian exports are conducted with the United States. Moreover, the United States is the origin of one-fifth of the imports of Australia (Garnaut, 2002, pp. 123-141). The US is one of the major single investors in Australia. The main source of finance of Australian’s firms is from the US investors. The extent of merchandise and services trade between the two countries is quite positive. It was observed that in the year 1999, the total trade involving the two countries was valued at around US$23.3 billion. 90 % of trade deficit between the two countries is in terms of merchandise and the remaining 10% is of services (Berke lmans, Davis, McKibbin & Stoeckel, 2001, pp. 1-112). Both the countries possess an open economy. To enhance their relation in terms of business, the two countries have undergone a free trade agreement (FTA) to minimize the existing trade barriers between them by a considerable extent. Both the countries have been recognized to be aware of the economic gains that would arise from the agreement. After the agreement both the countries have experienced an increase in welfare (i.e. distinguished by household consumption) and production (i.e. recognized by GDP) due to the reduced barriers. Australian welfare continued to rise from 0.3 percent to 0.5 percent. After the agreement, Australia enjoyed a US$2 billion annual increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) i.e. 0.33 percent increase. Similarly, the US also experienced an increase of US$2.1 billion annually in their GDP i.e. 0.02 percent increase. It can be seen from the GDP scenario that the Australian economy was more benefitted by the trade agreement than the US economy. Overall, there was an optimistic economic gain for both the Australian and the US economy from the trade agreement. The undertaking of the agreement would further increase the trade among the two nations in the future (Berkelmans, Davis, McKibbin, & Stoeckel, 2001, pp. 1-112). Nevertheless, there are certain barriers in relation to trade that prevail among the two nations. For the United States, the trade of dairy, sugar, shipping and commercial vehicles has certain barriers. The barriers to Australian sugar exports generate from high tariff which is almost equal to 80%. There are certain other barriers on trade of cotton, financial and metals services among others that exist for Australian