Human Resource Management in Developing Countries

Question: Talk about the Human Resource Management in Developing Countries. Answer: Presentation This investigation has attempted to build up the idea of worldwide human asset the executives. According to the contextual investigation, it very well may be seen that an association of Singapore has intended to investigate their business and ready to begin another task to the next nation. In this association, the CEO of Dreamy Destination organization has delegated a qualified human asset executive, who might thus enroll 10 individuals and would make a solid group. So as to build up this group, the human asset chief required to choose a blend of assorted colleagues, with the goal that the association could accomplish a more elevated level of imagination just as more prominent advancement. Moreover, it tends to be referenced that during the enlistment procedure, the human asset executive required to concentrate on the foundation of the individuals. Additionally, this examination has shown the important activity structure of the abroad auxiliary. This investigation is additionally sig nificant for dissecting the staffing strategy for the abroad undertaking. In this unique circumstance, the significance of preparing and the improvement method for the universal chosen ones has talked about. Besides, in this examination, the compensation bundle of the trustees has referenced. Employment plan and structure So as to talk about the activity plan and structure for the abroad auxiliary, the human asset executive requires enlisting those individuals, who have the information with respect to the obligations and duties, information on Dreamy Destinations, aptitudes for the venture. This investigation has featured that the travel industry business of Singapore will investigate their business in the market of Australia. In this way, the human asset chief requires enrolling those individuals, who have information with respect to the Australian language. According to the announcement of Alfes et al., (2013), it very well may be referenced that the individuals need to speak with the voyagers. In this regard, it very well may be expressed that except if having the information on Australian English language, the individuals would not have the option to recognize the necessities of the sightseers from the association. In addition, it tends to be included that the individuals additionally can't ready to comprehend the troubles, what they have looked during the voyaging. Therefore, Aswathappa (2013) opined that solid correspondence is the key component, what is required to have to the colleagues. Besides, the human asset chief can choose the accomplished individuals, who have enough information and abilities with respect to the worldwide the travel industry. In the expressions of Bratton Gold (2012), the human asset executive can enlist the understudies of the travel industry business, who additionally have the useful information on this. Furthermore, it tends to be referenced that the individuals required having information with respect to the client assistance. Also, it very well may be expressed that the human asset executive requires to recruit those individuals, who can comprehend the administrative the travel industry laws and arrangements of australia. This is essential to keep up during the voyaging. As per Budhwar Debrah (2013), it tends to be referenced that so as to build up a solid group, the human asset executive requires to select one proficient money related examiner, so he can make a financial plan for the outing. During the enrollment procedure, the human asset chief requires to center that the money related expert can make a financial plan, which is reasonable to the shoppers and is beneficial to the association. As opined by Buller McEvoy (2012), so as to make a business fruitful, the human asset chief require enlisting proficient money related expert. The monetary exhibition is relying on the money related expert of the association. Hence, in an outline, so as to talk about the activity plan and structure, the human asset chief of the Dreamy Destination requires to enlist those individuals, who have information on Australian language and who have more prominent correspondence ability, who have information on purchaser administration. Then again, it very well may be referenced that so as to expand the money related execution, the human asset chief requires to enlist budgetary expert. Break down the staffing strategy If there should be an occurrence of recruiting the staffs for the organization, the human asset chief can go for the inside or the outside workers for the Dreamy Destination association. If there should be an occurrence of outside staffs enrollment, the human asset executive can choose those up-and-comers, who are getting the extent of meeting through referral. According to the announcement of Gatewood, Feild Barrick (2015), it tends to be referenced that when the human asset chief recruits representatives from the current workforce, the association is opened up to the bigger area of candidates. Consequently, the opposition among the applicants increments and the possibility of discovering right competitor increment. Aswathappa (2013) upheld this view and expressed that outside enlistment gives the chance to get decent variety the business as information, experience and imaginative thoughts. Rivalry among the outer competitors guarantees the choice of the profoundly qualified up-and- comers. Nickson (2013) contended that outer up-and-comers enrollment cost is higher and time taking contrasted with inner enlistment. Also, Purce (2014) opined that outer enlistment may bring social clashes up in the association. Nonetheless, Budhwar Debrah (2013) bolstered the inner enlistment as opposed to outer enrollment process as inside procedure brings devotion among the current workers. Interior enlistment process, the best representatives are advanced and find the opportunity of taking higher request obligations. In addition, it very well may be referenced that occasionally the workers are given preparing to improving the information and after that an assessment is occurred to choose the expected representative for the abroad auxiliary group. In this association, Hendry (2012) referenced that the duties and the compensation size of the laborers increment. Accordingly, it very well may be referenced that the worker who is in higher position, will empower different representatives of the Dreamy Destination association to improve their exhibition. The spirit of the workers of the association will likewise increment. Mathis et al. (2013) contended that inside enlistment limits the extent of selecting out er up-and-comers, who really appropriate for the association. Besides, inside enrollment procedure may pick wrong individual to serve more noteworthy duties. The human asset executive of the association can utilize three enlistment procedures, for example, notice and sourcing, referral and virtual meetings. In this reason, the human asset chief can give a notice in the expert diaries or in the papers. Besides, it very well may be expressed that the organization can present a commercial on the interpersonal interaction destinations. In this specific circumstance, Hoque (2013) included that the human asset executive requires referencing the standards for the position or for making a more grounded group. In addition, it very well may be referenced that occasionally the human asset chief can select those up-and-comers, who have left other association. The human asset executive can plan to lead an online assessment for the shortlisted applicants. Jiang et al. (2012) refered to that this procedure is useful to distinguish the qualification and abilities of the up-and-comers. In the event that the competitors breeze through this online composed assessment, at that point they will find the opportunity to show up in the vis-à-vis meet round. This round is helpful to recognize the correspondence aptitude of the applicants. What's more, it tends to be additionally expressed that the human asset executive can likewise perceive their degree of plausibility of working in the Australian the travel industry advertise. After the investigation, it very well may be referenced that the human asset chief can follow some particular methodologies for the enlistment procedure. In this specific circumstance, it very well may be referenced that the human asset chief can choose the old representatives as they have effective information and involvement with this field. Then again, the human asset chief can likewise enlist the internals, who have functioned as a vacationer assistant under an eminent association (Knowles, Holton Swanson, 2014). Finally, it tends to be expressed that the human asset administrator of the association are happy to enlist representatives remotely, who need to clear the composed and meeting assessment to fill in as a colleague. Examine the preparation and advancement process So as to investigate the travel industry business in the Australian market, the human asset chiefs require giving preparing, with the goal that the individuals can upgrade their insight and aptitudes. According to the announcement of Mathis et al. (2016), preparing and advancement process is useful to upgrade the profitability of the workers. Also, it very well may be expressed that the assurance of the representatives increments through preparing. Figure 1: Steps of preparing and improvement approach (Source: Nickson, 2013) As indicated by Purce (2014), it very well may be referenced that preparation and the advancement approach is a huge methodology for both the colleagues and the association. Along these lines, it very well may be included that this preparation and improvement approach is useful to accomplish the business objective. Then again, it very well may be referenced that with the assistance of this preparation and the improvement program, the human asset executive of the Dreamy goal association can recognize the inadequacies and the shortcoming of the colleagues. Alfes et al. (2013) referenced that the preparation program is advantageous for improving the aptitudes and moderating the shortcomings of the representatives. Renwick, Redman Maguire (2013) included that the preparation and advancement process can carry the information on the laborers to the most extreme level. Then again, preparing and the advancement program can upgrade the exhibition of the colleagues, which is thus useful to improve execution and profitability of the b

Back In the World

Chapter by chapter guide Introduction Story: Adam Smith The Concept of Back in the World Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Back on the planet is an appearance of an arrival to a domain which one considers as home and is alright with; the individual ought to have been away from home for quite a while for the expression to be applicable.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Back In the World explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been utilized by Wolf in an exceptionally allegorical manner to outline the sort of a disarray that an individual faces in the wake of investing an excess of energy from the encompassing and society recognizable to the person in question; such disarray gets clear after the individual returns to the general public and discovers that the spot is very unique in relation to they way it he/she left it. The expression back on the planet in this manner as utilized in the book to delineates the returning into the general public st ructure an alternate society. Explicitly the expression was begat in the story Soldier’s Joy. It is important that this idea of back to the world can be applied to various viewpoints in the general public which may not really include physical areas. The paper will investigate the tale of an individual and relates it the author’s idea of back to the world. Story: Adam Smith Adam Smith was a set up financial specialist and simultaneously, a rationalist in his time. He was conceived it Edinburgh, Scotland in the main quarter of the eighteenth century. Adam was destined to capable guardians with his mom having been from an affluent family and his dad was a state official. His dad kicked the bucket before he was conceived. He at that point joined Glasgow University in the year 1737 where he considered good way of thinking. His degree of greatness in the organization earned him a grant to Oxford University after his graduation in the year 1740. His time at Oxford was, be tha t as it may, neither wonderful nor fruitful as he had to end his grant and studies. His transition to stop his investigations depended on various variables that included misconstruing among him and the organization just as his created convictions that were not acknowledged by the establishment. The impact that he got from Hume, another logician was a factor to the misconception among Adams and the organization since the convictions by Hume had been reviled by the college. Adams was simultaneously not fulfilled by the training that he got from the college. These conditions prompted Adam’s move to his old neighborhood where he settled down in the year 1746. In Edinburgh, Adam began to offer teachers, the vast majority of which were open talks. These instructors assumed a huge job in presenting him to the faltering light. He was noted by the town’s learned people who supported his ascent in the scholarly sense. After five years in the wake of leaving the oxford college, A dam was perceived by his previous school, Glasgow University that had utilized him and even gave him an honor of an educator. Adam was along these lines a perceived teacher in rationale at the age of twenty eight and was to be delegated once more, only a year later, by an honor in moral way of thinking by a similar organization (Age 1).Advertising Looking for paper on american writing? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Adam Smith was a less social individual. He a greater amount of disguised himself and was for the most part preoccupied. His mentally shut entryways in social ideas saw him remain with his mom as opposed to moving out to his own home as he grew up. His extra time was gone through on collaborations with individual intelligent people and pioneers in the business part. He in this manner never offered time for recreational exercises or relaxation. He afterwards earned worldwide acknowledgment after the year 1959 af ter an ethical hypothesis that he created at that point. This prompted his difference in work that took him to coaching in various foundations. He was then taken for a mainland visit by his manager and met various characters on the fields of financial matters and reasoning. His cooperation with the scholarly class proceeded as he came back to London winning him a remarkable acknowledgment among educated people. This prompted his arrangement to a scholarly body at that point. After his administration as a guide, Adams settled down again to remain with his mom in his old neighborhood in Scotland. His accomplishments anyway proceeded as he was perceived by his previous school, Edinburgh in the year 1777. Afterwards he served his nation as the head of customs office. His other perceived accomplishments incorporate his philosophical sentiments that are distinguished to have established the framework for private enterprise. His life reached a conclusion in the year 1790 and was covered in his old neighborhood at Edinburgh. His life was along these lines an incomplete achievement having been exceptional as to proficient viewpoints however his private life neglected to understand a similar degree of progress (Age 1). The Concept of Back in the World The idea of back on the planet as introduced by Tobias Wolff is especially apparent in the life of Adam Smith. Wolff writing in the assortment of Back on the planet is a portrayal of disarray that is experienced by individuals when they expected change from their local set up. In the tales of his assortment, Tobias spoke to the desires that American warriors had created while on remote missions. There were desires for help that they thought was anticipating them back at home just to return and locate the ordinary disarray. This was especially the situation for the veterans coming back from Vietnam. This comes out well in the portrayal of the story Soldier’s Joy where veterans while in the combat area in Vietnam have recollections of their homes. It turns into somewhat confounding for the troopers that when they get back they are met with what they never anticipated. There is a great deal of disarray and this demoralizes the veterans in the wake of being back on the planet. In like manner the life of Adam Smith is likewise described by such topics as Wolff’s in the assortment of back to the world. His story is described with comes back to circumstances that would not be anticipated from his life. He depicted less of what might be anticipated from him at specific occasions of his profits (Wolff 1).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Back In the World explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Adam’s life had a great deal of profits, a trait of Wolff’s back in the world’s topic of coming back to a previous position or spot. Occasions, for example, Adam’s come back to his old neighborhood from Oxford University, his arrival to London from their mainland trip around Europe and his last come back to Edinburgh were qualities of the Wolff’s enthusiasm for his specific composition. Adam’s last come back from London to Edinburgh and the underlying come back from oxford anyway represents Wolff’s subject as Adam doesn't go to a socially created limit that is anticipated from him. In the two cases, Adam comes back to his mother’s house however he is relied upon to live freely as an adult man. Another story that Wolff used to outline the idea of back in the house is the narrative of the woman who was praising her birthday. So as to enable the woman to commend her birthday, her companions bring her some cocaine which she is intended to devour to empower her praise her birthday. This prompts an awful completion true to form. It is somewhat amusing that rather than festivities being seen, the festivals end in tears. This is a major difference that is seen even in the life of Adam. For example, it was normal that Adam, in the wake of making sure about a sponsorship, would make some extraordinary memories at the University of Oxford. In the opposite it has been demonstrated that Adam was not even ready to finish his investigations at the Oxford University as he had received convictions from Hume which were not acknowledged by the college and therefore he needed to drop from school. Determination Wolff through a progression of stories has indicated how circumstances change and extraordinary desire disintegrate down. He utilizes genuine occasions to pass his message over. The tale of the Veterans who served in the Vietnam War especially draws out the idea of back in the home well. Others stories in the assortment similarly show this idea. There is an incredible comparability between the life of Adam Smith and the idea of back in the home as brought out by Wolff. The life of Adam Smith is a decent delineation of this idea. Works Cited Age. Adam smith 1723-1790; a layout life stor y. Age of the Sage, n.d. Web. https://www.age-of-the-sage.org/reasoning/adam_smith.html Wolff, Tobias. Back on the planet. New York: Vintage Books, 2006. Print.Advertising Searching for article on american writing? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More This paper on Back In the World was composed and put together by client Saniyah Kennedy to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

How Harmful Secrecy Can Be Essay

To discuss keeping privileged insights or how hurtful mystery can be,we should initially realize what serecy is.what sort of insider facts encompass us,and since when it all started?Secrets were brought into the world with the human being.They simply follow a cycle since our reality on the plante.The issue is that do we truly require secrets?Are they essential to us?If we follow the correct way there is no requirement for mysteries however commonly we don’t,we can likewise commit tremendous errors that we better think not to show.So we stow away them,and concealing them we make a mystery. In the 21st century,in this HI-TEC society we barely can keep anything private.It all beginnings with the online security which in certainty doesn not exist.Someone,we don’t know who,may be observing us each and every moment. They just gt access in our private stuff.It is extremely awkward to feel that somebody can be perusing what you’ve composed. An entertainer makes a stunt and he right off the bat demonstrates it to his wife.She gets flabbergasted by the stunt and demands to know the manner in which he does it.After he discloses to her she says:†Once you know it’s in reality very obvious†.These are called proficient stunts which can’t be shown.Because uncovering these privileged insights you simply evaporate the enchantment of what you do,making it something normal. There are likewise government mysteries which are completely the most significant of all.Most of them have to do with the national security and some of them are too monstrous to even think about being said. Perhaps a few privileged insights aren’t uncovered to stay away from panic.But don’t we have the right to know it all in just government?If we can’t oversee these secrets,who are the enilightened individuals whom every one of these insider facts are accepted? It’s clear that not all the individuals of a country,even they’re aqual to each other,aren’t fit for managing these hazardous secrets.Some things are only appalling to be public,the wikileaks case for instance. Was it essential that the whole world knew what American Government truly thought about other national oversees? Honestlyi figure national privileged insights ought to be kept in light of the fact that they contain significant data that might be destructive on the off chance that it reveals.In these cases obliviousness is favor. Have you ever however there are a few mysteries we just don’t need to know or we don’t need to accept.after something extraordinary,we eill be searching for the secret.But obviously we eon’t discover it due to course;we’ll not be truly looking.We don’t truly need to work it out.We need to be tricked.

Narcotics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Opiates - Research Paper Example A multi year boycott was forced on individuals found with five grams of break while a comparative compulsory boycott was forced on individuals who had 500 grams of powder cocaine. It was a result of this difference that another demonstration was executed in year of 2010 known as The Fair Sentencing Act of 2010. This demonstration brought down the proportion of ownership of rocks to powder cocaine in important terms of 100:1 into 18:1. The demonstration has been commended by numerous specialists as it will in general drop down the divergence between the individuals who used to carry out these violations and furthermore spare a great many dollars for the administration (FAMM 2011; Stewart 2010). The Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 was marked by President Obama to bring down the dissimilarity between the violations which included powder cocaine or break. The Act isn't just being executed for the individuals who will perpetrate the wrongdoing yet it is additionally being made retroactive with the goal that individuals who are condemned for the demonstration are permitted some concession as well. The Act was presented following quite a while of reports and research which demonstrated that powder and break were nearly similar medications with a similar lethality. In 1995 the USSC gave a report to the Congress about the Anti Drug Abuse Act of 1986. It set forward that 80% of the break guilty parties were dark and this was causing genuine racial variations between the races as these blacks were believing the Act to be one-sided. It was in 1995 that a demonstration was being looked for by the USSC with respect to the difference however such an endeavor was dismissed by the Congress at that point. In 2002 another report was recorded by the USSC which set forward that pharmacologically the destructive impacts of split were like that of powder cocaine. It likewise set forward that the measure of savagery in the violations including wrongdoing were being misrepresented by the reports and was fairly making a difference of races. In 2007 the USSC documented another report to the Congress which advanced

Learn About the Crimean War

Find out About the Crimean War The Crimean War is maybe recalled for the most part for the â€Å"Charge of the Light Brigade,† a sonnet expounded on a tragic scene when British rangers valiantly assaulted an inappropriate goal in a fight. The war was likewise noteworthy for the spearheading nursing of Florence Nightingale, the detailing of a man thought about the main war reporter, and the principal utilization of photography in a war. The war itself, be that as it may, emerged from tangled conditions. The contention between superpowers of the day was battled between partners Britain and France against Russia and its Turkish partner. The aftereffect of the war didn't roll out gigantic improvements in Europe. Despite the fact that established in longstanding contentions, the Crimean War emitted over what was clearly an affection including religion of populaces in the Holy Land. It was as though the huge powers in Europe needed a war around then to hold each other under control, and they found a reason to have it. Reasons for the Crimean War In the early many years of the nineteenth century, Russia had developed into a relentless military force. By 1850 Russia seemed, by all accounts, to be determined to spreading its impact southward. England was worried that Russia would grow to where it held control over the Mediterranean. The French ruler Napoleon III, in the mid 1850s, had constrained the Ottoman Empire to perceive France as a sovereign expert in the Holy Land. The Russian tsar questioned and started his own conciliatory moving. The Russians professed to be ensuring the strict opportunity of Christians in Holy Land. War Declared By Britain and France Some way or another the darken discretionary wrangling prompted open threats, and Britain and France announced war against Russia on March 28, 1854. The Russians seemed willing, from the outset, to keep away from war. Be that as it may, requests set forth by Britain and France were not met, and a bigger clash appeared to be unavoidable. The Invasion of the Crimea In September 1854 the partners struck the Crimea, a promontory in the current day Ukraine. The Russians had a huge maritime base at Sevastopol, on the Black Sea, which was a definitive objective of the intrusion power. The British and French soldiers, in the wake of arriving at Calamita Bay, started walking southward toward Sevastopol, which was around 30 miles away. The unified militaries, with around 60,000 soldiers, experienced a Russian power at the River Alma and a fight resulted. The British authority, Lord Raglan, who had not been in battle since losing an arm at Waterloo about 30 years sooner, experienced extensive difficulty planning his assaults with his French partners. Regardless of these issues, which would get basic all through the war, the British and French directed the Russian armed force, which fled. The Russians pulled together at Sevastopol. The British, bypassing that significant base, assaulted the town of Balaclava, which had a harbor that could be utilized as a gracefully base. Ammo and attack weapons started to be emptied, and the partners arranged for a possible assault on Sevastopol. The British and French started a gunnery barrage of Sevastopol on October 17, 1854. The noble strategy didn't appear to have a lot of impact. On October 25, 1854, the Russian administrator, Prince Aleksandr Menshikov, requested an assault on the associated lines. The Russians assaulted a feeble position and had a decent potential for success of arriving at the town of Balaclava until they were spurned gallantly by Scottish Highlanders. Charge of the Light Brigade As the Russians were battling the Highlanders, another Russian unit started expelling British firearms from a deserted position. Master Raglan requested his light mounted force to forestall that activity, yet his requests got confounded and the unbelievable Charge of the Light Brigade was propelled against an inappropriate Russian position. The 650 men of the regiment hustled into unavoidable demise, and in any event 100 men were killed in the primary minutes of the charge. The fight finished with the British having lost a great deal of ground, however with the deadlock still set up. After ten days the Russians assaulted once more. In what was known as the Battle of the Inkermann, the militaries battled in wet and foggy climate. That day finished with high setbacks on the Russian side, yet again the battling was ambivalent. The Siege Continued As the winter climate drew nearer and conditions weakened, the battling went to a virtual end with the attack of Sevastopol still set up. Throughout the winter of 1854-55 the war turned into a trial of ailment and hunger. A huge number of troops kicked the bucket of introduction and infectious ailments spread through the camps. Four fold the number of troops kicked the bucket of ailment than battle wounds. In late 1854 Florence Nightingale showed up in Constantinople and started treating British soldiers in medical clinics. She was stunned by the shocking conditions she experienced. The militaries remained in channels all through the spring of 1855, and ambushes on Sevastopol were at long last gotten ready for June 1855. Assaults on fortifications securing the city were propelled and spurned on June 15, 1855, because of ineptitude by the British and French aggressors. The British leader, Lord Raglan, had become sick and kicked the bucket on June 28, 1855. Another assault on Sevastopol was propelled in September 1855, and the city at long last tumbled to the British and French. By then the Crimean War was basically finished, however some dispersed battling went on until February 1856. Harmony was at last pronounced in late March 1856. Outcomes of the Crimean War While the British and French did in the long run catch their goal, the war itself couldn't be viewed as an extraordinary achievement. It was set apart by inadequacy and what was generally seen as unnecessary death toll. The Crimean War checked the Russian expansionist inclinations. In any case, Russia itself was not so much vanquished, as the Russian country was not assaulted.

Financial Reforms Strengthening Financial Stability Worldwide Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

The banking sector has been always regarded as one of the most regulated industries across the globe. Goodhart et al (2001, p.10) and Llewellyn (1999) identified four main considerations that underpin the rationale for banking regulation: 1.) Banks play a pivotal in the financial system and the economy as a whole through the clearing and payment systems and the transmissions of monetary policy impulses in the money supply process, 2.) It is crucial to mitigate contagion and systemic banking risks to contain economic disasters of financial crises, 3) the necessity to protect small depositors who are unable to monitor their banks risk appetite, 4.) and the control over moral hazard problems created by government financial safety net. Accordingly, Financial Regulators and Central Banks have been bounded with the noble responsibility to safeguard macroeconomic and financial stability. By logical deduction, the occurrence of the recent global financial crisis 07/08 is an undeniable proof that banking regulation failed to safeguard the financial stability, Aloko (2010). As a result, over the past three years, the world economy went through the most catastrophic financial storm since the Great Depression. Though the multi-dimensional roots of the crisis were numerous and extraordinary complex, researchers, policy makers, and central bankers underlined macroeconomic imbalances, inadequate risk pricing strategies, poor under- writing standards, weak liquidity and capital buffers, unsound corporate governance practices, altogether combined with exorbitant failings in banking regulations, as the main contributing factors to this global financial mess, Bernanke (2009a), Larosiegrave;re (2009), and Wellink (2008). Regrettably, the failure of financial regulators to timely identify and promptly respond to correct these casual distortions resulted in the worst crisis the world has ever encountered since 1929. Consequently, it has become the primary responsibility of all financial regulatory bodies and central banks to learn from their mistakes and take adequ ate corrective measures to address the shortcomings in banking regulation in order to enhance the future stability of the global financial system. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY Critically matching the main failings in banking regulation with the reforms in progress, there is no doubt that the global financial systems will undergo deep international regulatory reforms which will definitely strengthen financial stability worldwide. This is not the first time a financial crisis is occurring, and it is not certainly the last time. However, addressing the roots of the current one remains an incontestable pre-condition to prevent a potential similar future one. In this research, Chapter II will examine the causes and policy responses of the recent global financial crisis. Far from remaining on the causes and fallouts of the crisis, Chapter III will encompass the main failings in banking regulation, and Chapter IV will critically evaluate the new perspectives for banking regulation post the crisis. What are the main policy actions and global international reforms undertaken by prudential authorities to address failings in banking regulation in the United States an d Europe? Are these reforms in progress strong enough to ensure long-term financial stability? These are some of the most prominent questions underpinning the rational of this dissertation. INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY REFORMS AFTER THE CRISES The financial crisis 07/08 originated from delinquencies in the US mortgage market, escalated rapidly and had a gigantic contagious effect on the entire financial system which spilled over the world economy. As a result of advanced globalization and the interconnectedness of international financial markets, the crisis, which was firstly just the US subprime crisis, spanned out of control at the speed of light and engulfed the global financial system. The crisis seemed to be unexpected by most economics agents and engendered a global panic which destabilized the stability of the international banking and financial system and resulted in drastic damaging economic consequences, Ohler (2010). Subsequent to the eruption of systemic risk trigged by the dysfunction of the banking system over the past two years, government authorities have had an increasing interest on reforming banking regulations and supervision, as well redefining the role of central banks in the reconstruction of a solid and more resilient financial system. Accordingly, as a response to the financial crisis 07/08, there has been an unprecedented appeal for international reforms to strengthen stability, correct failings in financial regulation in order to prevent the world from suffering a future crisis of the same amplitude, Osborne (2009). The call for changes in banking regulation has been at the center of most economic discussions in the United States and in Europe since 2008. Though the crisis is now behind us, its sequels were so disastrous that mitigating the occurrence of a potential future one became the outmost priority of prudential and supervisory authorities, particularly, central banks and international governmental institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International Settlement (BIS). Not only the crisis reflected regulators inability to prevent and manage such a terrible financial disaster, but it was also a plosive evidence of limitations and flaws of the pre-crisis re gulatory and supervisory framework, Siebert (2008). In the view of shaping the future of banking regulation post the crisis, there has a remarkable effort toward an international consensus of reforms to be undertaken on a global scale. There has been numerous series of meetings, mainly G20 meetings, and an increased collaboration between central banks in the perspective of building up a stronger global regulatory framework. For instance in April 2009, the G20 leaders met to lay down the foundations for measures and actions necessary to strengthen financial regulation and restore confidence. The invaluable cost and consequences of the financial crises 07/08 and the global aspiration of regulators and politicians to reform the architecture of banking regulation for the ultimate goal of restoring confidence and strengthening the stability of the financial system are among the main motivations of this paper. As the complexity of the entire financial system keeps on increasing with developments in financial innovations, there is certainly the need for regulation to adapt and change as well Hildebrand (2009). From a global perspective, the main reforms in progress includes: establishing a comprehensive macro prudential regulatory framework, increasing capital requirements, enforcing a robust liquidity management within financial institutions, supervising and monitoring excessive risk taking behaviors, enhancing risk management, transparency and disclosure, refining deposit insurance and lender of last resort policy to mitigate moral hazard problems, reforming bankers incentiv e systems and putting in place prompt crisis resolution processes to timely address problems relating to systemically important banks, Rochet (2008) and Calomiris (2009a). In the next chapter, the causes and policy responses of the crisis will be analytical examined.

How is the High School Placement Test Scored

The High School Placement Test, or HSPT, is administered to 8th graders planning to apply to private Catholic high schools.  The HSPT score plays a role in admissions, as well as any advanced placement and scholarship opportunities available. The test is offered in both an open and closed format, and assesses skill levels in five areas: verbal, quantitative, reading, mathematics, and language. So how is the test scored? The HSPT is a multiple choice test. The student receives a point for every correct answer, and there are no penalties for incorrect or omitted answers. This â€Å"raw score† is then converted into a scaled score ranging from 200-800. Beyond this scaled score, the score report will most likely offer several other performance analyses, including national and local percentiles, standard scores, grade equivalents, and cognitive skills quotients. The national and local percentiles both provide a comparison of the student’s score to either the nation or a select group of students in the area. For example, if a student receives a 50% in the national percentile, that means he or she scored better than 50% of all test takers of that grade in the nation. Standard scores compare the student’s score to standardized scales that do not vary year to year, allowing administrators to compare the body of test takers to previous years. Grade equivalents assess the student’s ability to perform compared to other grade levels, but they should not be taken to indicate future ability. Finally, the cognitive skills quotient, or CSQ, measures a student’s ability in terms of age and test score. Similar in ways to an IQ score, the CSQ is seen as an assessment of potential future academic success. Although these various scoring methods may seem overwhelming, focus on what is in your control preparing for and doing your best on the test!

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How Elearning Theory Has Influenced Recent De Practice

How eLearning theory has influenced recent DE Practice Distance education has evolved in various ways over the last one hundred years. ELearning theories have influenced distance education practice throughout the years in various ways. Anderson (2008) states, how â€Å"Good theory helps us to envision new worlds, makes things, and keeps us honest. (p. 46).† The blend of online learning theories such as behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and the online collaborative theory, have all played a major role in this influence. These theories continue to change how educators teach. It also helps educators to understand how students learn. As eLearning theories progress, they continue to have a direct effect on distance education practice. ELearning theory has cause a shift in teaching pedagogies within distance education. Behaviorism Behaviorism was the first learning theory that focuses on what was observable. Earlier learning theories were based off of philosophies. Theories later evolved in the years use behaviorism as the basis. Behaviorist learning theory focused on how people behaved and how the behavior can be changed when prompted. Behaviorism did not focus on the mind and was deemed irrelevant. Bloom’s taxonomy was based on the theory of behaviorism. The behaviorist learning theory bought us the early computer learning systems (Ally, 2008). Computer- assisted instruction (CAI) was developed during this theory for teaching and training. CAI was a drill-and- practiceShow MoreRelatedA Study on Employee Attitude and Leadership Behaviour5259 Words   |  22 PagesResearch titled namely â€Å"A Study on Employee attitude Leadership Style† is a research study conducted among various managers in different functional areas in Sify Software Limited Everonn Education Limited. In this research study, the researcher has made an attempt to identify the various styles followed by leaders due to different behavior among employees. The study mainly focus on the various attitudes of employee’s in different groups and its impact of the performance if individual, group orRead MoreForeign and Local Related Literature6642 Words   |  27 PagesIn this context, eLearning is becoming an important tool to support the learning system to achieve its goals. ELearning became hot topic in the 1990’s after the spread of the internet. Although it has a relative short history, it is becoming an important part of learning. The majority of the universities adopted some kinds of eLearning within its learning system. Generally, the internet is new media, it has been spread in 1990’s furthermore, the E-learning is very recent tool, and so thisRead More THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES65118 Words   |  261 PagesDurham E-Theses THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES LEE, SHIUAN,EN,CHRIS How to cite: THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at LEE, SHIUAN,EN,CHRIS (2009) Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/242/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personalRead MoreLeadership Development42674 Words   |  171 PagesEducation and Skills.  © Lancaster University 2004 ISBN 1 84478 286 7 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report has been written by John Burgoyne, Wendy Hirsh and Sadie Williams as members of the Management and Leadership Development Research Network. This group consists of researchers concerned with the topic of this research. Other members have made specific contributions. Chris Mabey has provided a special input on nature and effects of corporate management development. Kim James, David Beech, andRead MoreAdl 01 - Principles and Practices of Management Study Material.Pdf Uploaded Successfully30836 Words   |  124 Pagesqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui Principles and Practices of Management ADL 01 opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer tyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopas Principles and Practices of Management dfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx Amity Center for eLearning cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj klzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn mqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfRead MoreThe Role of Network the Impact of Information Technology on Business Strategy Development in Construction Companies30104 Words   |  121 Pages................................................................................ 3 1.5 Master thesis’ structure .................................................................................................... 5 2 CONCEPT REVIEW: THEORIES AND PRACTICES ........................................................ 6 2.1 Information age ................................................................................................................ 6 2.1.1 Data, information and knowledge ......

Reflection On The Meditation Session - 876 Words

Now I was finally going to begin my meditation session. Upon entering the hall, I noticed that everyone was taking their shoes off so I decided to do the same. I then took a spot on the floor like everyone else. Shortly after, a man, who introduced himself as Paramahamsa Prajnanananda, took a spot at the front of the room. Paramahamsa explained that he was the leader of the Temple of Harmony. He also explained that today he would be leading us in the beginner’s meditation session. The type of meditation we did was called â€Å"Loving Kindness Mediation†, which is meant to make a person more open to being kind and caring to others along with creating positive changes inside one’s self. Paramahamsa spent a good amount of time explaining the benefits of this type of meditation since this was a beginners session. We began the meditation session by sitting cross-legged with our backs straight and chin up. Paramahamsa explained that this was the normal positio n for meditation. We all then were asked to close our eyes and enjoy the space around us. We did this for the first 10 minutes of our meditation. Then, Paramahamsa asked us to join him in a series of breathing exercises to further relax ourselves. This was something I was personally used to because I do it with my therapist so I was surprised to see that it is also incorporated into Buddhist meditation. During this exercise, we did a series of deep breathing exercises that really got me to relax. After ten minutesShow MoreRelatedThe Brahma Kumaris Meditation Center963 Words   |  4 PagesBrahma Kumaris meditation center to learn more about what meditation consists of and expand my knowledge on why this is a big part in the Hindu religion. In class we I learned about the different types of yoga that is practiced in Hinduism. Jhana yoga, Bhakti yoga, Karma yoga, and Raja yoga are the different types of yoga practiced and I had some sort of understanding on what I would possibl y see in the meditation session. I did some research on what the Brahma Kumaris meditation center was aboutRead MorePractical Philosophy And Conversational Counseling787 Words   |  4 Pagesof a Homeless Shelter, Veterans Residential Center and Addiction Treatment Center in Phoenix, Arizona. At these locations the writer has conducted individual and group weekly sessions with an emphasis on the abuse of alcohol and drugs utilizing Practical Philosophy and Conversational Counseling to supplement meditation sessions. Group size averages around 10 participants. In order to compare effectiveness of Practical Philosophy and Conversational Counseling with participants who have no known currentRead MoreEssay about The Material Nature of Spirituality1611 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhist or Hindu, religious thinking and belief attempt to ground human experiences and thoughts in the spiritual and ethereal. Religious experiences are considered otherworldly and not material. Heightened spirit ual behavior through prayer, meditation or yoga is considered to lead to a state of transcendence, inner peace or a nearness to God depending on which faith you follow. Hence, the notion of spirituality and religion is based on an ethereal component. However could the ethereal andRead MoreMost Common Auto Immune Disease1708 Words   |  7 Pagesfactors and the rest is believed to be a mixture of genetics and environmental exposures (Scott et al, 2010). Meditation and mindfulness strategies as a method of management of chronic pain to increase physical and psychological functioning and overall quality of life have seen shown to be an effective method to manage RA chronic pain (Rosenzweig et al, 2010). Mindfulness and meditation therapy involves the practice of being mentally present every moment-to-moment without being judgmental or reactiveRead MoreMeditation On The Practice Of Meditation1075 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout centuries, meditation has been utilized for spiritual g uidance. Meditation is often practiced within quiet rooms, where one cannot be disturbed. In the recent years, meditation has expanded beyond the homes of individuals. Schools across the nation have begun researching the benefits of meditation on students. The practice of meditation in schools has been shown to promote positive behavior in students; therefore it should be implemented in schools. The practice of meditation can be definedRead MoreAlabama V. Jaffree ( 1985 )1737 Words   |  7 PagesCentral Question: Does the Alabama statute 16-1-20.1, allowing a period of silence for meditation or voluntary prayer violate the First Amendment Establishment Clause that is applied to the states by the Fourteenth Amendment? Facts of the Case: The case of Wallace v. Jaffree calls into question the constitutionality of an Alabama statute that authorized teachers to lead a one-minute period of silence for â€Å"meditation or voluntary† prayer in all public schools. Ishmael Jaffree, the parent of three studentsRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesEstablishing a Scientific Base (6). Defining Relevant Ethical Standards (McMinn, 2011). After mapping out the challenges facing interdisciplinary integration, McMinn first divides his renowned book into eight rewarding chapters including summary and reflection following each of them. He also uses vignettes in order to ask his readers†What if this Happens† scenarios (McMinn, 2011) While mapping out the challenges, McMinn (2011) added six spiritual concepts implicated in the integration psychology, theologyRead MoreMindfulness Meditation ( Mm )1528 Words   |  7 Pagesdecade scientific interest in meditation and mindfulness has bloomed like a lotus flower. There are numerous studies demonstrating various positive outcomes of mindfulness meditation (MM). But, what is mindfulness? What are the mechanisms behind MM that help facilitate these positive outcomes including improved physical health, psychological well-being, and cognition? The concept of mindfulness has its roots in Buddhist philosophy and is a key element of Buddhist meditation practices. The word mindfulnessRead MoreCourse Summary, And Myself Reflection1729 Words   |  7 Pages Course Summary, and Myself reflection While attending lectures of Life Style Modifications For Community Leaders, it adds new information, and changing my bad habit to the better one. Actually, from the first class I realized that our body is not constant not just anatomy and physiology. But it is a most complicated system it react with universe, energy, vibrations, and power, which located everywhere in and around us. Throughout classes and my colleagues presentations, I got a historical storyRead MoreThe Mystic Tradition Of Zen Buddhism1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Spirituality and Research Methods class that is being taught by Professor Scott at Texas Tech University. Therefore a formal definition of Zen is a â€Å": Japanese sect of Mahayana Buddhism that aims at enlightenment by direct intuition through meditation† (Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 2017). Additionally an article I examined articulated that Zen is the most recognized form of Buddhism that has been used in the Western world. There are abou t 9.6 million Zen Buddhists who live in the country

Lung Cancer A Leading Cause of Death Today Essay

Lung cancer is on of the leading causes of death today. Lung cancer is a type of neoplasm cancer and is given its name but the site of where the cancer is located. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine states, â€Å" Most lung cancers develop in the cells that line the bronchi.† Lung cancer can take many years to develop and some have no idea that they even have it until it grows large enough to impede the function of the lungs. There are two different types of tumors the benign, which means that it does not spread and stops growing or the malignant where they grow and spread. The etiology of lung cancer comes from the neoplasm which means that has come about from new abnormal cell growth. Most types of neoplasms are solid masses that form but can†¦show more content†¦But other signs of it are derived form the location of the tumor or cancerous cells. The book 100 Questions and Answers About Lung Cancer states that the laryngeal nerve can be impacted by the pressure cause by a tumor or a mass since the nerve runs from the brain down and back up through the chest cavity to the vocal cords. This is what can give the individuals the hoarseness to their vocals. Even the pressure placed on the esophagus can cause sever discomfort while swallowing. If the location is near the heart it can cause superior vena cava syndrome where there can be swelling in the arms, shoulders, and neck. With tumors that are near the chest wall it can cause not only issues with the heart but a pleural effusion. This is where fluid gets between the lungs and the chest wall and it is extremely painful. Progression of the cancer goes through 4 stages but can also be classified with letter as well. T is the classification for tumor that is affected and N for the nodal or M, which is metastatic. Nodal’s can be classified by the location into N, N2, and N3. Stage one is where the cancer is localized to one region of the body as well as when there is no lymph node involvement. Stage two is where the cancer has spread to the adjacent section of the body and has not spread to the hilar lymph nodes or abutting the chestShow MoreRelatedThe Leading Causes Of Lung Cancer1350 Words   |  6 PagesCenter September 2, 2014 The Leading Causes of Lung Cancer State Standard: 6.4.A Cancer is a disease that plagues millions of people annually (â€Å"Lung†). Lung cancer develops when healthy cells in the lungs are compromised by chemicals, pathogens, or radiation (Henderson). In the early twentieth century, before cigarette smoking and toxic man-made air pollutants became more commonplace, lung cancer was relatively rare (Henderson). It is now the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, resulting in anRead MoreEssay on The Consequences of Tobacco1042 Words   |  5 Pagesone of the most leading causes of death in the world today. Smoking has begun to take over our everyday life. It is the number one most leading cause of death in the world today, and also the number one substance smoked or chewed today. But what people do not realize is that there are consequences to smoking tobacco, or eating it. Tobacco is hazardous to the human body system, therefore it should be banned due to the fact that it causes serious problems to those who do smoke, causes s econd hand smokingRead MoreSmoking: The Leading Cause of Death and Solutions to Help844 Words   |  4 Pageseconomy today. Smoke causes lung cancer and other life threatening situations. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bad lungs and cancers for your loved ones around you. My Grandpa smokes more than often and has had several heart attacks and is still with me today, I hope to have him for another 17 years and more. Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and diminishes a person’s overall health. Millions of Americans have health problems caused by smoking. Smoking is a leading cause of cancerRead MoreThe Dangers Of Smoking Cigarettes786 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause it causes diseases which cost billions of dollars a year in healthcare. It is also the leading cause of diseases and deaths in the US. Smoking cigarettes is an unhealthy habit that unfortunely affects many Americans. Quitting can help reduce the amount of health issues associated with smoking. Smoking cigarettes has been found to be the leading cause of lung cancer. There has been multiple studies of the effects of cigarettes and the dangers of them. According to the American Lung AssociationRead MorePersuasive Speech On Smoking1591 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Smoking is the most preventable leading cause of death in the United States and causes many health risk such as lung cancer, and heart and blood vessel complication. My main purpose of this persuasive speech is to convince people that smoking is harmful for themselves, the people around them and their wallets. In 2015 and estimated of 36.5 million people were current smoker (Jamal, A., King, B. A., Neff, L. J., Whitmill, J., Babb, S. D., Graffunder, C. M., 2016). In addition smoking doesn’tRead MoreShould Smoking Be Banned?1457 Words   |  6 PagesBan the Cancer Sticks Lung cancer has increased within the past decade; one of the biggest reasons is that more and more people smoke now than they have in the past. Smoking causes damage not only in the lungs, but also in the body, lips, or inside the mouth. Even though smoking does harm your body there are some good things that come from smoking. Like it can lower the risk of obesity, and knee replacement surgery. There are different types of lung cancer one for smoking and the other, nonsmokingRead MoreCancer : The Leading Cancer Killer1159 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone in the world today has been impacted by cancer in some way. Lung cancer is the leading cancer killer in both men and women in the United States. In 1987, it surpassed breast cancer to become the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Lung cancer causes more deaths than the next three most common cancers combined (colon, breast and pancreatic). Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other parts of the body, such as tissues and the bloodstreamRead MoreDoes Smoking Cause Lung Cancer Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom lung cancer and other smoking related diseases than they die from aids, drug abuse, car accidents and homicide, combined. Cigarette smoking is a danger to our life and health. It is the leading known cause of lung cancer. Each year more than 30,000 people will die of lung cancer and 4 out of 5 of them will get it because of cigarette smoke. Studies have proven that there is no safe way to smoke. Tobacco contains many dangerous cancer causing chemicals that affects the lungs of theRead MoreThe Anatomy Of The Lungs1366 Words   |  6 PagesCancer of the lungs takes more lives every year than breast, colon, and prostate cancer combined. In order to prevent these statistics from happening, Low-dose Computed Tomography Scans (LDCT Scans) can be used to prevent the cancer cells from spreading. Medicare and Medicaid are willing to pay for such screenings for those who are 55-77 years of age and who have smoked a pack of cigarettes a day for over 30 years or those who are smoking currently within that age group. The cost for such screeningsRead MoreDoes Smoking Cause Lung Cancer? Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans die from lung cancer and other smoking related diseases than they die from aids, drug abuse, car accidents and homicide, combined. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cigarette smoking is a danger to our life and health. It is the leading known cause of lung cancer. Each year more than 30,000 people will die of lung cancer and 4 out of 5 of them will get it because of cigarette smoke. Studies have proven that there is no safe way to smoke. Tobacco contains many dangerous cancer causing chemicals

Introduction to Marketing Basis of Characteristics

Question: Describe about the Introduction to Marketing for the Basis of Characteristics. Answer: Part A B2B Market Segmentation Variables Market segmentation is one of the important processes through which the entire target audience can be segregated, as per their similarities, on the basis of characteristics as well as interests. The segmentation process is related with the segregation strategy, which contributes to the development of particular customers segments, according their similarity of traits. Companies can segment one specific market through several ways. However, the choices of segmentation strategies can be modified and revised according to the products or services characteristics. Most often, there are certain variables that are considered as the major factors for business expansion and consistent sustainability, such as geographic locations, business description, behavioral practices and product applications (1Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016). In the following sections, the segmentation strategies followed by McDonalds have been elaborated, as an example. Geographic Locations: One of the simplest and common segregation strategies is segmentation on the basis of geographical range. If a company has a huge customer base that helps it to assemble within local, regional, national or international locations, it can be considered as worthy to invest in geographic marketing. In geographic segments, population density, size of region and climate factors are the most important factors in order to segregate the similar kind of customers. For instance, McDonalds offers its customers with seasonal foods, such as sea foods in selective market places, which is based on customer preferences (1Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016; 4Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016). Business Description: To segregate the customers choices and trends, there are certain factors associated with business description. The type of specific business, the pattern of particular industry, classification of business, size of business region, annual growth of the company and profitability tendency among others, make the difference regarding consumer base and market position. It must be noted in this regard that the size, growth and the profitability of business are directly related with the company or the brand, which may affect the choice of customers at large. McDonalds offers available seasonal meals for Englands customers as per their preferences to maintain business profitability (1Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016; 4Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016). Behavioral Practice: Behavioral practice can develop on the basis of customers interests and their experiences with the particular company or the brand of the products and/or services. With this specific strategy, the market segment of a company can possess collective familiarities with the products and/or services wherein the customers behaviors are highlighted through their tradition, loyalty and prospects among other common characteristics. Most often, companys operational practices are based on urgency, occasions, and users demand to generate benefits through behavioral approaches. The similar kind of demands is often observed in New Englands customers at seasonal time spans for sea foods. Due to this reason, McDonalds offers them with a variety of sea foods (1Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016; 4Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016). Product Application: The specification of products is also allied with the psychological and demographical aspects of consumers. According to the purchasing requirements of customers, product applications have also been changing over time. Therefore, the purchasing requirements can be deemed as dependent on the demographic and psychological drivers to consumers purchase decisions, which can affect the prospects of market segregation as well (1Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016). Characteristics of Service and Method to Reduce the Problems Dinning etiquette training service is invisible and an intangible aspect of marketing, while its significant traits can affect the consumers behaviors during the buying process and the system through which the company can interact with them. In case of the given scenario, the company wants to provide training services to its employees for betterment in their dinning etiquette. In doing so, the following measures can be adopted. Intangibility: Intangibility is an important characteristic of training service. Customers can purchase the service without seeing, feeling, touching, hearing or smelling it. In case of such aspects, only consumers feedbacks and testimonial letters from satisfied clients will be able to make certain changes and reduce intangibility perspectives. Inseparability: According to the given scenario, the etiquette training service is offered and consumed at the same time. It signifies a situation, wherein production of the service cannot be separated from its consumption. There is no time difference between both of these operations. This in turn has given rise to certain problems regarding quality and value concerns within the operational environment. Perishability: The term refers to a condition when companies fail to store services after a specified period of time. The problem of service perishability develops when demand is unstable for specific services. Perishability of training services might harm the business at time of non-peak periods. Variability: Training services are highly variable, because it entirely depends on the trainers perspectives. Timing, place and process all are associated with the service provider. Due to this reason, effective training and efficient selection of human resource is required for the standardization of the overall service process. One method through which the problems of each characteristic can be mitigated has been illustrated in the following steps: Efficient selection and recruitment for effective trainer An appropriate training process including training notes, DVDs for dining etiquette learning Online seminars for dining etiquette training Provide training services according clients needs and timing 3Ps Strategies in Etiquette Training Physical Evidence: For the dinning etiquette training service, physical evidence can be referred as one of the most important aspects in terms of system standardization. Packaging of entire training service is essential to make a belief towards the authorization that the trainers and other associates are most appropriate for the job role. The dressing etiquette, attitudes, professionalism, satisfied customers testimonial letters and attracting brochures may prove effective to draw clients attentions towards the offerings. Process: Procedures and policies of the training services make the scenario effective and efficient altogether. To be noted in this regard, the process of dinning etiquette training service must be valuable to the employees. The responsibility to make the process successful is one of the marketing strategies of dinning etiquette training service providing firm. The training process should also be clear and understandable for employees to improve their dining etiquette. People: People form the most essential part of etiquette training service allies, emphasizing the selection of right people for service providing. If the training service recruits efficient, skilled, experienced and knowledgeable personnel as a trainer, the dining etiquette training will be successful. Part B 1. Appropriate marketing channel structure for Consumer Products Chocolate Bars - The most effective marketing channel for chocolate bars is the wholesale channel, as they are mostly ordered in bulks and are inexpensive, widely purchased by people all round the globe. Text Books - Retailers channel would be the best option in case of delivering text books to the customers (readers) from the publishers with the assistance of the retailers. In this case, the customers get an ample opportunity to select the book of their choice. New Cars- Cars and automobile products are largely selective and expensive in nature and hence, are not sold in bulks, but are purchased only after minute observations. Hence, retailers channel would be the most appropriate option for marketing new cars. Handmade designer jewelry The direct channel is mostly used for marketing the hand-made consumer products as they are mostly manufactured on the direct demand of the customers and do not require the need of any kind of middlemen. Product Examples for Pricing Strategies Penetration Pricing- The automobile brand Lexus is giving a stiff competition to the well recognized and demanding brands, such as Mercedes as well as BMW, within the premium luxury targeted market of the US, using the strategy of penetration pricing (Spann et.al., 2009). Price Skimming- The iPhone, of the widely known brand Apple, follows the price skimming strategy to penetrate the most competitive market of mobile and telecommunications. This strategy is followed by the company since its initial phase of start-up (Spann et.al., 2009). Product-Line Pricing- Sony implements the product-line pricing strategy by offering its customers with a wide-range of models in the domain of televisions, easily segmented based on their product differences as well as prices (Armstrong Kotler, 2005). Captive-Product Pricing- This strategy of pricing is largely used by Gillette, which sells razors at a comparatively lower price, but fixes higher prices for its cartridges or the blades that are used as replacements and the customers are committed to purchase on repeated occasions (Kotler et.al., 2010). Concept of Positioning For Competitive Advantage The term Positioning refers to the creation of the product reflection in the minds of the target consumers, which helps in differentiating the offers from the similar products produced by them or their competitors. The marketers primarily implement the concept of positioning by targeting the customers, rather than emphasizing the products and hence, the tag lines set from them plays a very significant role. This can be clearly understood from the statement, World's Best Small Sport Car, which differentiates the brand image of Porsche from that of the other automobile or car manufacturing companies (Karadeniz, 2009, p. 99). The key objective of brand positioning is to gain a competitive advantage for the company, which in turn proves to be of great significance for communicating the product and distributing them among the target as well as the potential customers in the long run (Karadeniz, 2009). The business organizations also focus on the need to accomplish competitive advantages t hrough effective positioning of its products and the brand as a whole within the potential strategic groups (Baraskova, 2010). Selection of Target Markets Based On Evaluation of Potential Market Segments Targeting the most appropriate market for the distribution of a product is actually the second phase of the Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning (STP) approach. This approach not only helps in outlining the strategies for segmenting the target market on the basis of certain characteristics, such as demography, psychology and behavior among others, but also helps in selecting required targeting strategy and positioning the product effectively among them. This approach can therefore be considered as the best option to select the target markets with proper evaluation of the potential segments of customers (Larsen, 2010). Nicknames for Well-Known Brands Mc. Donalds nick name, as Macca, is not an exceptional case altogether, as there are also certain other brands to have selected a nick-name for them, such as Charles Shaw wine, which is mostly known among the target customers by its nick name Two-Buck Chuck. Another famous brand TARGET also prefers to be nick-named by its fans as Tar-zhay. Besides, the globally acclaimed brand names, such as Walmart, Starbucks and Microsoft are also known by their nick-names, Wally World, Four Bucks and Mister Softee respectively. The specialty of a company or a brand to possess a nickname of its own is that it helps largely in creating an emotional bond with its customers, thereby maintaining its cultural foundation in the long run (AOL., 2010). Co-Branded Product In todays world of immense competition, co-branding of the companies dealing in fashion products and high tech goods is considered the best option, as it is able to target a particular high profile segment of customers throughout the globe. In this case, the most expensive brand of luxury goods, Louis Vuitton can be co-branded with Apple Inc., which has the potential to dominate the consumer-tech industry in different parts of the world. This co-branding would prove immensely beneficial in the events to be organized by Louis Vuitton, which will be promoted by the technologically advanced operations of Apple Inc. Similarly, Apple Inc. will also receive continuous support and assistance in serving a varied range of customers with the packaging and promotional offers of Louis Vuitton. Functions of Product Packaging There are several essential roles of product packaging, which include physical protection and promotion as the most significant ones. Packaging can protect the products from damages such as dirt, insects, brakeage and dampness. Illustratively, biscuit companies utilize an extra plastic covers for protect the biscuits from brakeage and dampness. Moreover, packaging materials can be attractive for holding consumers attention and reminding about the products, which ultimately facilitates their sales prospects at large (Regattieri Santarelli, 2015). For instance, electronic goods packaging can attract consumers by offering information printed on it, which can help give rise to a positive belief among consumers. a) Price Ceiling Price ceiling refers to the maximum value that the government sets for specific commodities and services, which can be sold at too high prices. To purchase such commodities, consumers require financial assistance from financial institutions. Price ceiling is quite likely to become a problem when it is set below the market equilibrium rate (Experimental Economics Center, 2006). Figure: Price Ceiling Source: (Experimental Economics Center, 2006) Price Floor Price floor refers to the minimum value that government sets for goods and services, which can be sold at too low prices. For the low price of certain goods and services, producers need some economic helps, which may only affect when it is set above the equilibrium rate. Figure: Price Floor Source: (Experimental Economics Center, 2006) b) Comparison Cost-based Pricing Demand-based Pricing It serves price range Attempt to find out price floor and price ceiling It serves customers demands Attempt find out price skimming, psychological pricing, price discrimination, penetration pricing, bundle pricing and value-based pricing Source: (3Hearst Newspapers, LLC. 2016) a) Channel Members Value Addition in Marketing System The value attributions make products and services more available and accessible Channel members can provide experiences, contacts and specializations Provide beneficial aspects by supporting the variable operations, such as promotion, funding, risk taking and physical possessions Levels of Distribution Intensities Intensive Distribution: The products can be gathered from producers and stocked in the outlets. Snacks and Cigarettes are examples of such products that intensively distributed. Selective Distribution: This situation arises when the producers depend on mediators to transmit the products. Lowes utilizes selective distribution process. Exclusive Distribution: This situation arises when the producers select a few mediators to rely regarding transmit the products. Gucci uses exclusive distribution process. a) The Market and Environmental Indications for Skimming Pricing and Penetration Pricing Skimming pricing is a strategy wherein a high introducing price is valued for an innovative and distinct product. The price range is changed and reduced after similar kind of product ranges hit in the market place. It is not utilized by every marketer, apart from the following situations, when: Product is unique and distinctive as well as its demand is inelastic The brand is capable to continue its uniqueness at a time Market segment has classic choice On the other hand, penetration pricing refers to a particular strategic measure wherein the initial value of products are relatively low. The key goal of this strategy is to capture the large market region through low price. It is an attractive option for marketers, when certain conditions are followed. Substitution of product is available in market Demand elasticity is high Firm can increase the production Market segment is highly price sensitive (Spann, Fischer Tellis, 2009) Comparison of Push and Pull Promotion Aspects Push Promotion Pull Promotion Goals Promotional strategy that offers products to the consumers Opposite of push, it attracts customers towards the products Concept Marketers push the products or services towards target customers Marketers pull customers towards specific brands or products Common sales tactics Showrooms, retailers, point-of-sale displays Mass media promotion, advertisements, word-of-mouth Positivity It is able to increase visibility and short term sales It is capable of creating loyal customer base Source: (2Hearst Newspapers, LLC., 2016) References AOL 2010, 10 Best Company Nicknames, Articles, viewed 10 October 2016, https://www.aol.com/article/2010/08/30/10-best-company-nicknames/19609285/ Armstrong, G Kotler, P 2005,. Marketing: An introduction, Pearson Education, India. Baraskova, J 2010, Strategic positioning and sustainable competitive advantage in food industry, Aarhus School of Business, pp. 1-72. Experimental Economics Center 2006, Price Floors and Ceilings, Market Equilibrium, viewed 10 October 2016, https://www.econport.org/content/handbook/Equilibrium/Price-Controls.html 1Hearst Newspapers, LLC. 2016, Market Segmentation Variables Characteristics, Advertising Marketing, viewed 10 October 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/market-segmentation-variables-characteristics-69263.html 2Hearst Newspapers, LLC. 2016, Difference between Push Pull Marketing, Advertising Marketing, viewed 10 October 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-between-push-pull-marketing-31806.html 3Hearst Newspapers, LLC. 2016, The Differences between Value-Based Pricing Cost-Based Pricing, Advertising Marketing, viewed 10 October 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/differences-between-valuebased-pricing-costbased-pricing-23095.html 4Hearst Newspapers, LLC 2016, Examples of Geographic Segmentation, Advertising Marketing, viewed 10 October 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-geographic-segmentation-61612.html Karadeniz, M., 2009, Product positioning strategy in marketing management, Journal of Naval Science and Engineering, vol. 5, iss. 2, pp. 98-110. Kotler, P. et.al. (13) 2010, Principles of marketing: A South Asian perspective, Pearson Education, India. Larsen, N 2010, Market segmentation - A framework for determining the right target customers, Aarhus School of Business, 1-29. Spann, M, Fischer, M Tellis, G, J 2009, Skimming or penetration? Strategic dynamic pricing for new products, Marketing Seminars, pp. 1-52. Regattieri, A. Santarelli, G 2015, The important role of packaging in operations management, InTech Operation Management, pp. 184-214.

Service Marketing of Ganache Chocolates Company †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Service Marketing Ganache Chocolates. Answer: Introduction Ganache Chocolate is the chocolate company started by Arno Backes in South Yarra in the year 2008. The company expanded in 2010 and offers wide range of chocolate, desserts and other products. As a marketing consultant, I am required to do the analysis of the service firm Ganache Chocolate, Melbourne. The company is doing great and is trying its best to perform better than its competitors to meet the desired goals and objectives. The company believes in providing excellent customer service to gain interest and loyalty of its customers. The company provides a service to the customers through its chocolate schools. Chocolate schools are run by the company are the classes provided by the company to the age group of 8 to 18 (Ganache Chocolates, 2017). This course can be booked by the learners through website or on calls. The analysis of the chocolate schools is done below with the help of SWOT and PESTEL Analysis: SWOT analysis Strengths: The strength of the chocolate school service is that there is a strong demand for confectionery and the learners are interested in taking the course. Weaknesses: The weakness is that the brand lack in promotion of its service which makes most of the population unaware about the same (Armstrong, et al, 2014). Opportunities: Emergence of social media and latest technology can be used to promote the school service and to make people interested in the service. It can use its effective techniques as an attractive feature which attracts the learners and consumers towards the brand. Threats: The competitors may take advantage of the low promotion and visibility of the brand which may sideline the brand and its service. The big players like Cadbury and nestle already have such a big market share and they make huge investments on the advertisement and promotion part (Helms and Nixon, 2010). PESTEL Analysis Political factors: The political factors may affect the chocolate school services in a positive or negative manner. For e.g. the increase in the taxes which the company has to pay can affect the overall cost of the services of the company. If the government reduces the taxes, it may increase the profit share of the firm and if the government increases the taxes, it may reduce the profit share of the company (Yksel, 2012) Economic factors: Economic factors include interest rates which may have adverse effects on the buying behaviour of customers. If the interest rates increase, people tend to spend less on the chocolates or learning classers of chocolates. Economic factors like employment rate of the country or the advertising policies, etc. also affect the overall decisions of the company. Social factors: The trend going on in Melbourne affects the consumption of chocolates and the interest of joining school and classes conducted by the company. This will also affect the revenue and promotion of the company. Like, people are becoming health conscious these days, which also reduces the consumption of chocolates (Yksel, 2012). Technological factors: The increase and advancement in technology helps the company in manufacturing better chocolates and promoting them using advanced technologies like Digital media and social media. Research and development is the main key to innovation and helps the company to beat up the competition in the market. New technologies for teaching the consumers will also maintain the interests in the potential consumers. Environmental factors: The Company has to take care of the disposal of wastes during the process of manufacturing of chocolates. Also, it has to take care of sustainable use of raw materials and other inputs in the manufacturing process. Legal factors: The Company has to follow the rules and laws made by the government in order to ensure safe process of manufacturing and fair trade. Also, it has to take care of patents and copyrights for its chocolate schools so that no other competitor can use its idea. The service has to be unique and special by the brand (Armstrong, et al, 2014). Conclusion It can be concluded that the Chocolate school service by Ganache Chocolates can run successfully if the external and internal factors favours its operations. The strengths of the brand could support the service and these strengths could be used to meet the threats to make service more successful in the market. The weaknesses can be reduced by using the opportunities available. The PESTEL factors showed that these factors could affect a lot to the services of the company and the overall success of the brand. These factors need to be handled carefully in order to achieve success in the industry. References Armstrong, G, Adam, S, Denize, S and Kotler, P, 2014,Principles of marketing, Pearson Australia. Ganache Chocolates, 2017, Chocolate school, Retrieved from https://www.ganache.com.au/chocolate-school.html. Helms, M M and Nixon, J, 2010, Exploring SWOT analysiswhere are we now? A review of academic research from the last decade, Journal of strategy and management,3(3), pp.215-251. Yksel, I, 2012, Developing a multi-criteria decision making model for PESTEL analysis,International Journal of Business and Management,7(24), pp.52-66.

Top Tips to Write Compare and Contrast Essay Conclusion

An outstanding essay must have three main parts: Introduction Body paragraphs and Conclusion Introduction is used to grab the reader’s attention; the body consists of three or four paragraphs supporting the hypothesis and main argument of the essay, while the conclusion is the last and final chance to leave an impression on a reader. It is necessary that the conclusion of your essay must be written in a way that it forces the reader to give you full marks; in short it must be the best part of any essay. Writing a conclusion is one of the most difficult parts of writing an essay in which usually many writers feel that they are completely out of the words. A good conclusion must: Leave an impression on your professor. Give a sense of wholeness to the essay Stress the significance of the hypothesis Here in this article we share top tips on how to write a conclusion of a compare contrast essay. Have a look: What is compare contrast essay: A compare contrast essay in simple words is also called a comparison essay in which the writer compare two objects or ideas and present their similarities and differences. The main focus of the writer here is on the scope and length of an essay. The conclusion here is also the main part of an essay that must not only paraphrase the thesis statement, but also share the opinion of the author. Paraphrasing the hypothesis: The hypothesis is a sentence that gives an idea to the reader what your essay is all about. It is necessary that the first sentence of the essay conclusion must be the paraphrase or restatement of the hypothesis. The opinion of the author: The body paragraph should usually include the objective information, the conclusion must contain about two sentences eloquent the writer’s opinion, but make sure that there will be no use of â€Å"I† in the conclusion of the essay, as it is not allowed in formal essay writing. The scope of the conclusion: Do not write too much in the conclusion other than the paraphrase hypothesis and the writer’s short opinion. The conclusion is not a story and don’t try to introduce something new or unrelated information in it otherwise the reader will at once reject your essay or will give you low grades. Make sure all the information you mentioned here must be from your introduction or body paragraphs and the scope of the conclusion must be limited to what you have already mentioned in your essay. Remember to always end your conclusion with your opinion. Above are some tips to write a great compare contrast essay conclusion. If you want to make your compare contrast essay conclusion, outstanding and want to get good grades then it is necessary to carefully follow each and every step. Best of luck for your next essay.

Creative Persuasive Essay Topics

Creative Persuasive Essay TopicsWriting a creative persuasive essay is not easy. It takes an in depth understanding of human nature and to explain an argument in a way that your reader will understand you need to use a number of creative persuasive topics. And although it can be an intimidating prospect, writing creative persuasive essays is also an exhilarating experience. The goal of a persuasive essay is to persuade the reader to follow your argument with their own actions.Once you understand the process of writing a persuasive essay topic, there are a few steps you can take to make it easier. Writing a persuasive essay is an art form, and so it requires a fine touch in every aspect of the written page. Some people may think this task is intimidating but in reality it's far from that.By taking the time to identify your persuasive essay topics you will be able to narrow down your options. Most persuasive essay topics fall into one of three categories: self-promotion, persuasion, or arguments.Self-promotion is one of the most popular persuasive essay topics, and this is because people enjoy sharing their opinions with others. Although many people argue against the quality of many self-promotional topics they are still well used in some successful persuasive essays.Persuasive essay topics are for those who believe in themselves, are genuinely interested in learning something new, and have the drive to do so. Persuasive essay topics may include teaching, self-improvement, success, research, and knowledge sharing. It is important to remember that your persuasive essay topics should be related to your topic, if your topic is in a different category your essay topic may not be appropriate.Arguments are another popular persuasive essay topics, especially when the topic is controversial. This topic may consist of simple definitions or complex arguments. With all of the information available, your argument may be the most persuasive of all.Creative persuasive essay to pics often go unnoticed until they are revealed as excellent submissions. As you begin to identify your persuasive essay topics, you will find that your essays will flow naturally and never appear tired. Always remember that the goal of the creative persuasive essay is to persuade your reader to think differently.

Sociological Imagniation essays

Sociological Imagniation essays What is Sociology? Sociology enables us to understand the structure and dynamics of society, and their intricate connections to patterns of human behavior and individual life changes. It examines the ways in which the forms of social structure - groups, organizations, communities, social categories such as class, sex, age, or race, and various social institutions such as economic, political, or religious affect human attitudes, actions, and opportunities. Sociology also explores how both individuals and collectivities construct, maintain, and alter social organization in various ways. Sociology asks about the sources and consequences of change in social arrangements and institutions, and about the satisfactions and difficulties of planning, accomplishing, and adapting to such change. Sociological imagination is a special way to engage the world. To think sociologically is to realize that what we experience as personal problems are often widely shared by others like us. Many of our personal problems are actually social issues. What is the difference between trouble and issue? Troubles: Within the character of the individual and within the range of his or her immediate relationship with others. They have to deal with self and within those limited areas of social life of which he or she is directly and personally aware of. Issue: It has to do with matters that transcend the local or immediate relationships of the individual. They have to deal with different kind of environments that overlap and penetrate each other to form the larger structure of social and historic life. The difference between two is a critical issue for sociological imagination and a feature of all classic work in social science. Most issues cant be defined in terms of everyday environments of common men. Issues involve a crisis in institutional arrangements and often involve contradictions or opposition. The sociological imagination helps ...

The Similarities and Differences between Ijarah and Leasing Essay

The Similarities and Differences between Ijarah and Leasing - Essay Example Since the banking crisis around the world, many countries have shifted to an alternate banking system such as the Islamic banking system in which there is a mechanism of sharing profit and loss and using fixed service charges instead of interest charges which eases the pressure on the economy. Some prohibitions and certain guidelines have been drawn by the Shariah law, which makes a clear comparison between the conventional finance system and Islamic finance system. The unlawful charging of the interest, Riba, is the foremost concept that is prohibited by the Islamic Shariah, while it also prohibits gharar, an uncertainty in activities and has made gambling, Maisir, forbidden which makes it to differ from the conventional finance system in which interest is considered to be a common ground. In an Islamic term, Ijarah is an agreement to offer something for a lease, rent, or wage. According to a different meaning in Islamic fiqh, Ijarah is also referred to as a payment offered to a person for the services that were delivered by the same person. However, if the term Ijarah is considered in the setting of Islamic banking, it is referred to as the process of transference of a particular property from one person to another in exchange of a lawful return or rent from the owner. The procedure involves the lawful transference of the asset from the owner to the lessee and ends with the purchase of the leasing object. Ijarah in the context of Islamic banking is known as Ijarah Thumma Al-Bai or Ijarah Muntahia Bittamleek, which is a type of leased contract that can only be ended with the purchase of the leased asset. The paper discusses the two concepts relating to the finance system, the convention form of financing system and the Islamic way of financing. Moreover, the paper will discuss the leased contracts based on Ijarah, which is consistently being used by the Islamic institutions. Furthermore, the study will differentiate between the concept of Ijarah leasing and financial and operating leases. The study will also highlight the accounting systems which have been recommended by the Accounting and Audition Organization for the Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Lastly, the paper will give recommendations to conciliate between these approaches. Lease is defined as a rental agreement between the two parties in which the owner of the asset gives rights to the lessee to use the asset, and it would be the responsibility of the lessee to compensate timely and contractual payments to the lessor (Brealey et al., 2006(. There are many benefits in leasing over obtaining external borrowing or purchasing assets by making full payment, and it can benefit in terms of the saving of the taxes, costs associ ated with the use of assets, and mitigation of risks (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2005). Leasing can create a positive impact as it reduces the cost of financial distress and minimizes the chances of bankruptcy. Even if the lessee occurs to be a defaulter, the lessee would be given a higher priority than a creditor who just borrows money. Leasing generally helps in the sharing of inflation risk, business risk, and residual value risk. The residual value risk is considered to be the risk associated with the market value of the asset at the maturity date which can be transferred from the lessee to the lessor who has the authority to adjust the lease payments to cover the risk. If the lessor can earn an advantage from the secondary market, the lease payments

Revisions to Data Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Revisions to Data Analysis - Case Study Example The technologist forum comprised of mostly computer engineers that I work with, and most dimensions came from followers and fiends on Twitter and Facebook. Further, the results showed more skewedness towards males with college degrees who are computer savvy due to the nature and the participants of the survey. The positive fact concerning my respondents was that they were not from majorly one age bracket or residential area. Since the research question involves the addictive character of users of social media, it was relevant to use Facebook and Twitter specifically because they are the most visited and popular social networks in recent times. No any other social media sites were included in the survey as the main concern revolved around the habitual logging in of Facebook and Twitter. The imaginative idea of evaluating the behaviors of solely the youthful users of social media appeared to be insufficient to give a final conclusion of the consequences of media addiction in recent times (Zemmels 8). To be more specific, the survey/ research carried out was not to be assumed basing on mentalities and stereotypes of the society, rather, a true reflection of the participants’ responses were highly relied on. No result of a particular age group, gender, or occupation was used as a reflection of the corresponding group; the results were uniquely observed and analyzed. To make the results more realistic I had to open up my mind and integrate some few considerations into the study. First, the questionnaires were framed in such a manner that they could make it easier to find out the reasons for accessing social media and why the much time spent there. Also asked were the preferences of the respondents for online communication as compared to face-to-face relations. An investigation of the relations between levels of sociability and the total time spend on social media was a

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay Example for Free

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay 1) At the Trial of Scissors Lee, the prosecution would like to produce to the court the caution statements of Scissors Lee as evidence of his confession. Can you write out a list of your objections you will raise with the court to the production of the caution statement at the trial? Ans:  Upon the production of the caution statement of Scissors Lee, I would like to raise some objections in term of its arresting procedure, reliability and voluntariness. Arresting Procedure: PC34567 should have cautioned Scissors Lee at the football ground According to the Rules and Direction for the Questioning of Suspects and the Taking of Statements issued by the Secretary for Security in 1992, when PC34567 has evidence that Scissors Lee might have committed an offence, he must caution Scissor Lee before putting him into further questions. In the caution statement, DPC13579 first quoted the conversation between Scissors Lee and PC34567 to induce Scissor Lee to have a consensus in the fact described in that conversation, however that conversation record was not obtained under caution and therefore it should not be mentioned in questioning Scissors Lee. Therefore, the caution statement is not obtained in a proper procedure and should be inadmissible. Arresting Procedure: DPC13579 did not tell Scissors Lee his rights fully under arrest After Scissors Lee was brought to the police station, he was not told by the police that he should have the chance to contact his family or get a lawyer. In that circumstance, Scissors Lee may be put in a situation of helpless and unassisted. Besides, DPC13579 told Scissors Lee that he could only go if he had given him a statement, therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee may be induced to cooperate to work out the caution statement. If he was told that he may get a lawyer to represent him, he should have stayed silence during the interview of DPC13579. Reliability: The caution statement is recorded in English The interview should be conducted in the mother tongue of Scissors Lee, that seems not to be English but Cantonese, upon the conversation between Lee and PC34567 to avoid any ambiguity and misunderstanding. Scissors Lee is only a Form 4 student at a secondary school and do not do well in academic. Therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee has the proficiency in English that he understood all the statements made by DPC13579 and stated concisely in his speaking about the whole story of the event. Voluntariness: The length of the time of the interview is too long The duration of the interview is 2 hours. It may be a factor that sapping the free will of Scissors Lee in signing the cautioned statement. When the interview time is lengthened, Scissors Lee was anxious to go home, and there is a reasonable possibility that Scissors Lee just signed the cautioned statement for letting DPC13579 to release him to go home, therefore the cautioned statement may not be made voluntarily and thus should be inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was in hunger but was rejected to take snack Throughout the interview, Scissors Lee was not given any refreshment. The interview was held at the time of having dinner (2000-2200), as he was quite hungry during the interview, he asked DPC13579 for some snack, however DPC13579 ignored him. In such circumstances, it is reasonable to object that the voluntariness of Scissors Lee to sign the cautioned statement was greatly affected by hunger and ignorance of DPC13579, thus the cautioned statement should be inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was deceived in signing the cautioned statement DPC13579 showed the cautioned statement to Scissors Lee, and simply asked him to sign on it without explaining the content. Scissors Lee thought the cautioned statement was a paper stating his right after his arrest and signed on it without full acknowledgement. There is a reasonable possibility that Scissors Lee was deceived into signing the cautioned statement and therefore, he was not voluntary in admitting hitting Ah Ho, therefore the cautioned statement should be void and thus inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was afraid of prejudice in admitting the offence Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that he was the only one arrested by the police and he must admit hitting Ah Ho otherwise the police would be very angry and come to his school to see him every day. Scissors Lee was afraid that if he did not admit the offence, the police would really come to see him every day which will obviously cause unexpected harassment to him. Therefore, the cautioned statement is clearly involuntary as it has been obtained by â€Å"a fear of prejudice†. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was promised in admitting the offence Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that hitting is a common assault and he would get away with a fine. Since Scissors Lee thought that he already has a criminal conviction of bound-over and so that one more common assault would not further taint his character. DPC13579 had made an offer of release from police custody and therefore, it is obvious that Scissors Lee signed the cautioned statement in the hope of release, thus that statement is inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was unsuitable for confession upon his emotional status Throughout the interview, Scissors Lee was scared and anxious to go home. Under this mental condition, he was easily affected by external factors, such as the persuasion or threat by DPC13579, impatient to go home; therefore, it appears a reasonable doubt that he admitted the offence in absolute voluntary. As a result, the cautioned statement should not be admissible as it is not fair to demand Scissors Lee to make a comprehensive decision in the interview. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee may be affected by alcohol On the day in question, before PC34567 brought him back to police station, Scissors Lee was forced to drink whisky. It was hard to determine that whether the decision of Scissors Lee was affected by the alcohol. Therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee signed the cautioned statement in an unconscious status, thus the cautioned statement may not be made in voluntary and so inadmissible. 2) Supposed Scissors Lee would plead guilty at his trial, can you advise him what mitigating factors you should address the court on his behalf? Ans:  After having a detailed analysis in Scissors Lee’s background and the circumstance of the offence, I may address the court some mitigating factors upon the facts of this case and of his background. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was scared of offending Mr. Big Mr. Big was an older boy who started to offer Scissors Lee drinks and snacks and treated him to bar after the match. He taught Scissors Lee how to drink and everybody in the football ground treated Mr. Big like their leader. In this case, Scissors Lee’s offence was instigated by Mr. Big. Mr. Big told Scissors Lee to be at the football ground at 3.30 pm so that he would like Scissors Lee to â€Å"teach Ah Ho a lesson.† Mr. Big continued to threaten Scissors Lee that if he did not come, Mr. Big would treat him naughty and teach him a real nasty lesson. Scissors Lee committed the offence only in fear of Mr. Big but not intentional. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was not the prime mover In this case, Mr. Big was throughout the only prime mover of the offence. Scissors Lee was only in control of Mr. Big because of fear of Mr. Big. He played a less important role than his accomplices in this offence and therefore he should be held less guilty. Without the threat by Mr. Big, there appears no evidence that Scissors Lee would commit the offence and cause any harm to Ah Ho, therefore, Scissors Lee was only a puppet of Mr. Big for his offence to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee attempted to stop others hitting Ah Ho When Ah Egg, Zero, Ah Kin were hitting Ah Ho, Scissors Lee went up and shouted to them to stop. His attempt to stop others hitting Ah Ho shows that, at first, he had no intention of hitting Ah Ho. Scissors Lee only pushed Ah Ho once after Mr. Big yelled at him, the purpose of his offence was only to make a false appearance to Mr. Big that he was hitting Ah Ho but not intended to cause bodily damage to Ah Ho. In such circumstances, his offence was relatively unsubstantial when compared to his accomplices. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was affected by alcohol which was forced to drink by Mr. Big Scissors Lee never like drinking wine. But before the offence, Scissors Lee was forced by Mr. Big to drink a lot of whisky. His offence may be affected by alcohol. Therefore, in such unconscious status, Scissors Lee was partly involuntary to commit the offence. There was no evidence that Scissors Lee will commit similar offence in the future. Case Fact: The injury of Ah Ho was not too serious Ah Ho was sent to the hospital for medical treatment, from his medical report, he was discharged with no complication from his wound and he would be expected to recover fully within two weeks. Although Scissors Lee and his accomplices did damage to Ah Ho, there was no evidence that the offence of Scissors Lee was causing any substantial damage and left any unrecoverable wound to Ah Ho. The offence committed by Scissors Lee was relatively light and it can be seen that the intention of Scissors Lee was not to cause serious harm to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee did not attempt to approach Ah Ho after the offence Scissors Lee has not tried to harass Ah Ho after the event and he stays a distance from Ah Ho, even if they are still in the same class. Scissors had shown genuine remorse for his offence and regret to what he had done to Ah Ho. Base on these circumstances, Scissors Lee is less likely to recommit any offence to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee pleaded guilty in sincere manner and cooperated with the police Scissors Lee was regret for his offence to Ah Ho, and he pleaded guilty in sincere manner. Throughout the arrest, Scissors Lee cooperated with the police and told the fact without any concealment. From the above evidence, we can see that Scissors Lee has the intention to repent and reform, he is less likely to commit any similar offence in the future. Therefore, the court should sentence him in high discretion. Background: Scissors Lee has good relationship with people surrounded From the background report of Scissors Lee, he came to Hong Kong 10 years ago to reunite with his father. However, his father since divorced his mother 8 years ago and left them. Scissors Lee is although come from a complicated family background his relationship with his mother is good. At school, he always has good relationship with school friends, class teacher and the principal. Scissors Lee has good personality and there is no substantial risk of reoffending. Background: Scissors Lee is a person of responsibility Scissors Lee is an active participator at school and he always help the school in important events like open-day, parents-day and whenever Justices of Peace come to visit them. It shows that Scissors Lee has a good character and a good work record at the school. Besides, Scissors Lee is also the sports captain of his school. He is responsible for organizing sport events and taking care of other schoolmates during sport events. All of his achievements at school show that, he is a person of responsibility and therefore he chose to bear the consequence of his offence. Background: Scissors Lee has a clear direction of future career Scissors Lee planned to be a footballer, a dancer or an artist after he has finished Form 5. He has a realistic prospect of career and therefore is outstanding from others of the same age. It shows that he is a mature and thoughtful youngster and therefore the criminal conviction of this minor offence would be a stain in his personality which may substantially affect his career and life in future already. Background: Scissors Lee was not really familiar with the prime mover Mr. Big Scissors Lee was not really familiar with the prime mover Mr. Big and his accomplices, Zero, Ah Kin and Egg. They are only met at the football ground and play football together. After this event, Scissors Lee is much likely to aloof from those people and he will no longer be influenced by these bad friends. Background: Although he was in bind-over, that offence was not relevant to this case Although Scissors Lee has a criminal conviction of fighting in public place on 5 Jan 2009 and he is under bound-over in $1000 for 12 months to be of good behavior and refrain from acts of violence. However, that offence was obviously provoked by the victims and it is not relevant to this case as in this case, Scissors Lee was in threat of Mr. Big. Therefore, the court should not impose any relationship from this record to the present case. Proposed Sentence Since Scissors Lee’s mother who earns only about $8,000 a month is the only financial support in his family, and the maintenance from his divorced father is always received on an irregular basis, to impose a fine may not be suitable as it may cause financial problem to his family. Therefore, a community service order should be imposed as Scissors Lee (1) is one with a light criminal record, (2) has a stable home background and good relationship with his mother, (3) has a good record in school important events, (4) has a realistic prospect of being a footballer, a dancer or an artist, (5) has shown genuine remorse upon his confession and (6) has no more than a slight risk of re-offending upon his background and facts in this case.